Arthropoda Flashcards
Do Arthropoda animals have jointed limbs
Yes
what do the joints on Arthropoda allow legs to do
Articulate with body and other legs
Why do some Arthropoda only have long legs at the back and not all over
It stops the long legs from tripping over each other (long legs at back won’t trip up small legs at front but would if the legs at the front were long too). This means he arthropod can run quicker
Do Arthropoda have a segmented body
Yes
Why does a “worm” have a through gut
Allows specialisation of different areas of gut
Does a “worm” have a distinct head and anus
Yes
Why does a “worm” have a pumping vessel
To create movement in circulatory fluid
Where is the pumping vessel in the “worm”
Dorsal to the through guy
Where is the nervous chord in the “worm”
Ventral to the through gut
From dorsal brain
What do Arthropods share with Annelida
Through gut
Ventral nerve cord with segmental ganglia
Dorsal circulatory system
How do Arthropoda differ fro Annelida
External skeleton
Paired jointed segmented limbs
What is an arthropod skeleton made of
Chitin
What is chitin made of
A polysaccharide made of proteins and mineral salts like calcium carbonate
What is the amount a arthropod mineralises based on
Taxa
Why do Arthropoda have to shed their cuticle
To allow growth
How does the shedding of cuticles occur
Occurs through hormonally mediated process known as ecdysis
What stage do ladybirds have before the puper stage
Larval
How many described species of arthropod
1,100,000
What % of animal diversity are arthropod
85%
Why are the number microbes massively underestimated
Cannot be cultures so cannot recognise them
Why are terrestrial species more diverse than marine
Organisms are more easily isolated due to long distances and obstacles so easier to evolve
In marine environments currents move organisms around and not many obstacles so hard to become isolated
Eg requires little energy to move far in the sea due to currents but requires lots of energy to move far on land
Why does the graph showing the number of species of insect names not levelled off
Still rapid rate of species description as haven’t found them all
Why are beetles the most diverse order
Can survive in a diverse range of habitats
What is the elongation of face on a weevil
Rostrum
What do weevils secrete from their glands
Wax
Latin name for vent shrimps
Alvinocaridae
Common name for alvinocaridae
Vent shrimps
Snow flea Latin name
Boreus
Common name for boreus
Snow flea
Latin name for ground beetle
Nebria
Common name for nebria species
Ground beetle
Latin name for stag beetle
Lucanidae
Common name for lucanidae
Stag beetle
Another name for water bear
Tardigrades
Another name for Tardigrade
Water bear
What is a cryconite
Small pond on ice
How do cryoconites form
Fine sediment is blown by wind and settles on the glacier making it darker. This sediment absorber more radiation and heats up, causing the ice to melt
What is cryptobiosis
Process of drying out. Tardigrades become non functional and are carried by the wind. When they come into contact with water again they rehydrate. They can survive in the cryptobiotic stage for years
Latin name for cave beetle
Chloevidae
Common name for cholevidae
Cave beetle
What is the chamber on the back of cave beetles for
To fill it’s guts with large amounts of food and store it
What is a sacculina
Barnacle parasite of crabs
Latin name for fish louse
Argulus
Common name for argulus
Fish louse
Latin name for leaf mining flies
Agromyzidae
Common name for agromyzidae
Leaf mining flies
What % of extant species are arthropods
70%
What are triops
Arthropoda
Crustaceans
Where do triops live
In temporary water bodies
why do weevils have long rostrums
to drill into acorn to lay eggs so that when the larvae hatch they can get the the acorn before tissue
why does dispersal reduce likelihod of allopatrci speciation
not reproductively isoladted
how do arthropods reduce waterloss
secrete epicuticular waxes onto cuticle
at what point does water loss increase in arthropods
when the temperature gets so high it melts the wax on the cuticle
how does the flexibility of cuticle allow some arthropods to occupy different niched
can make cuticle softer, more rigid, flexible in certain places etc
what is the name given to different segments on arthropoda
tagmata
what is tagmosis
Arthropod bauplan has undergone various forms of regional specialization
how many tagmata do centipedes have
2
what are the first segment of the trunk in centipedes
poison claws
what is the first segment of the head in centipedes
antennae
why are there no appendages on the abdomen of insects
suppressed during development
what are the three tagmata of a locust
head
thorax
abdomen
how many segemnts are fused in the head tagmata of a locust
5
what is a crustacea
group of arthropoda
what is a hexapoda
group of arthropoda