development/ethics

Question 1

moro reflex

Answer 1

The moro reflex is when an infant’s arms and legs extend when startled. This typically disappears around four months.

Question 2

What are four effects of prolonged infant deprivation?

Answer 2

Effects of long-term physical and emotional neglect from the primary care-giver include failure to thrive, poor language skills, lack of trust, and anaclitic depression (A memory device for these effects is “Weak, Wordless, Wanting, Wary”)

Question 3

There are 5 tanner stages of development

Answer 3

Stage I: no pubic hair, prepubertal
Stage II: small amount of pubic hair, males ↑ testicular size, females breast buds form
Stage III: males ↑ penis size/length, females breast buds elevate and extend beyond the areola
Stage IV: adult-quality pubic hair, scrotum continues enlarging but also darkens, areola and nipple form a secondary mound
Stage V: adult, areola returns to contour of the breast

Question 4

primitive reflexes

Answer 4

The palmar grasp reflex is when an infant reflexively grasps fingers placed in its hand. This typically disappears around two months.

The rooting and sucking reflex is when a child’s head turns toward a cheek stroke in search of a nipple to suck. This typically disappears around three months.

The moro reflex is when an infant’s arms and legs extend when startled. This typically disappears around four months.

The Babinski reflex is when an infant’s big toe dorsiflexes in response to brushing of the plantar surface of the foot. This typically disappears around twelve months.