Development Flashcards
Average weight of the brain at birth
375-400g
Average weight of the brain at the end of the first postnatal year
1000g
Universally used but somehow imprecise index of the well-being of the newly born infant, is in reality a numerical rating of the adequacy of brainstem-spinal mechanisms
APGAR score
T/F: The development quotient (DQ) predicts potential attainment.
True
The most nearly perfect senses in the newborn
Touch and pain
T/F: As a general rule, the first recognizable words appear by the end of 12 months.
True
How many percent of children can articulate all vowel sounds by the age of 3 years.
90%
It is the infant’s reaction to startle and can be invoked by suddenly withdrawing support of the head and allowing the neck to extend.
Moro response
Part of the brain affected in congenital word deafness.
Dominant temporal cortex
Word-deaf children may chatter incessantly and often adopt a language of their own. This peculiar type of speech is known as:
Idioglossia
T/F: Nearly every stutterer is fluent while singing.
True
A special developmental disorder characterized by uncontrollable speed of speech which results in truncated, dysrhythmic and often incoherent utterances.
Cluttering
90% of patients with articulatory abnormalities disappear by what age?
8 years old
Point mutation in this gene causes an isolated developmental verbal dyspraxia
FOXP2
Region of the brain activated during reading in dyslexics
Broca’s area
Form of dysgraphia with good spontsneous handwriting but there is miswriting of dictated words.
Linguistic dysgraphia
In ADHD, there is reduction of the volume of these regions.
Dorsolateral, cingulate and striatal
Defined as hydrocephalus and destruction or failure of development of parts of the cerebrum
Hydranencephaly
Refers to a marked enlargement of one cerebral hemisphere as a result of a developmental abnormality
Hemimegalencephaly
A condition of craniostenoses combined with syndactyly
Apert syndrome (Acrocephalosyndactyly)
Distortion in the skull where the maximum length is not in the sagittal but in the diagonal plane.
Plagiocephaly (wry head)
During this time, almost 100% of patients with anencephaly will die.
Before the end of the first postnatal week
Gene with mutation causing lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia
Reelin gene (RELN)
Primary form of hereditary microcephaly in which the head is reduced to less than 45cm circumference
Microcephaly vera