Development

Question 1

Baltes: Life- Span Development (1980)

Answer 1

Pointed out that age related trends only look at 1 of 3 important influences on development —> Normative age- related (Strong link with chronological age)

He suggests that we also need to look at Normative history- graded (influences most members o that generation) AND non-normative life events (Significant events that occur in a person’s life)

Question 2

Brofenbrenner: Development in Context (1979)

Answer 2

Consideration of the environmental setting- there is an interaction among all the process and systems
* Microsystem- individuals personal experiences
* Meosystem- influences that directly impact the individual
* Ecosystem- things they don’t participate in directly but still affect them
* Macrosystem- Organisations of their subculture
Chronosystem- Major life transitions, environmental and historical events

Question 3

Canalisation

Answer 3

A term used to help consider the susceptibility of a behaviour to environmental influence

Rigid ————————————–> Flexible

Question 4

Maturation

Answer 4

The emergence of instinctive behaviour patterns at a particular point in development.

Genetic instructions facilitate the expression of a certain behaviour pattern at a certain growth or time period.

Sequence always foes in the same order but the environmental factors can influence the rate and speed

Question 5

Learning

Answer 5

The process of acquiring knowledge or experience. Requires environmental infulence of some kind but is a biologically innate skill