Development Flashcards
Neural crest cells
Spread out throughout the body, differentiating into many different tissues
Neural tube has an agar plate that differentiates into …
Sensory neurons
Neural tube has a basal plate that differentiates into…
Motor neurons
Embryonic brain begins as 3 swellings. What are they?
Rhomebencephalon
Mesencephalon
Prose cephalon
The embryonic begins as 3 swellings that become 5 swellings. What are the 5 swellings?
Telencephalon Diencephalon Mesencephalon Metencephalon Myelencephalon
The fetus is attached to the uterine wall and placenta by the____
Umbilical cord
Placenta
Transmits food, oxygen, and water to the fetus while returning water and waste to the mother
What happens if viruses or bacteria crosses the placenta?
Can cause problems to the baby such as
Deafness
Mental retardation
Cataracts
Heart defects
Reflex
An automotive response to a given stimulus
(4) primitive relfexes
Rooting reflex
Moro reflex
Babinski reflex
Grasping reflex
Rooting reflex
Infant turns his or her head toward anything that brushed the cheek
Moro reflex
Infant extend the arms, then slowly retracts them and cries in response to sensation of falling
Babinski reflex
The big toe is extended and the other toes fan in response to try brushing of the sole of the foot
Grasping reflex
Infant grabs anything put into his or her hand
2 types of motor skills
Gross motor skills
Fine motor skills
Gross motor skills
Incorporate movement from large muscle groups and while body motion
Such as sitting, ceiling, and walking
Fine motor skills
Involve the smaller muscles of the fingers, toes, and eyes proving more specific and delicate movement
Examples: tracking motion, drawing, catching and waving
Stranger anxiety
A fear and apprehension of unfamiliar individuals
Separation anxiety
A fear of being seared from the parental figure
Social skills move from being _______ to _______
Parent oriented to self orientated
Development milestones
AGE 0-1
Physical and motor developments
Puts everything in mouth Sits with support Stands with help Crawls, fear of falling Pincer grasp Follows objects to midline One handed approach/ grasp of joy Feet in mouth Bang and rattle stage Changes hands with toy
Development milestones
AGE 0-1
Social developments
Parental figure central Issues of trust are key Stranger anxiety Play in solitary and exploratory Pat-a-cake and peek-a-boo
Development milestones
AGE 0-1
Language developments
Laughs aloud
Repetitive responding
“Mama”, “dada”
Development milestones
AGE 1
Physical and motor developments
Walks alone Climbs stairs alone Emergence of hand preference Kicks ball, throws ball Pats pictures in book Stacks three cubes
Development milestones
Age 1
Social developments
Separation anxiety
Dependency on parental figure
Onlooker play
Development milestones
AGE 1
Language developments
Great variation in timing of language development
Uses 10 words
Development milestones
AGE 2
Physical and motor developments
High activity level Walks backwards Can turn doorknob, unscrew jar lid Scribbles with crayon Stacks size cubes Stand on tiptoes Able to aim thrown ball
Development milestones
AGE 2
Social developments
Selfish and self centered Imitate mannerisms and activities May be aggressive Recognizes self in mirror "No" is favorite word Parallel play
Development milestones
AGE 2
Language developments
Use of pronouns Parents understand most Two word sentences Uses 250 word Identifies body parts by pointing
Development milestones
AGE 3
Physical and motor developments
Rides tricycle Stacks 9 cubes Alternates feet going upstairs Bowel and bladder control Draws recognizable figures Cached ball with arms Cuts paper with scissors Unbuttons buttons
Development milestones
AGE 3
Social developments
Fixed gender identity
Gender-specific play
Understands “taking turns”
Knows full name
Development milestones
AGE 3
Language developments
Complete sentences Uses 900 words Under and 3600 words Strangers can understand Recognizes common objects in pictures Can answer, "tell me what we wear on our feet?" "Which block is bigger?"
Neural tube becomes the _____
CNS
