Development Flashcards
Who developed the model/ stages of cognitive development?
Piaget
What is assimilation?
This is when children use already developed schemas to understand new things.
What is accomidation?
This is when people learn new information that changes the schema.
What are Piagets stages of cognitive development and what are their age ranges?
- Sensorimotor (0 - 2)
- Pre-operational (2 - 7)
- Concrete operational (7 - 11)
- Formal operational (11 - adulthood)
What happens during the sensorimotor stage?
- seeing, hearing and touching.
- object permanence = when a child knows that an object exists even though it cannot be perceived.
What happens during the pre-operational stage?
Theory of mind (ability to see things from another persons point of view) , language, and imagery.
What happens during the concrete operational stage?
Changes in the shape of an object don’t necessarily mean that there is a change in the volume of the object.
What happens during the formal operational stage?
Children start to think systemically and understand ethics.
What is a self concept?
This is a schema of knowledge about ourselves.
What is attachment?
This is the bond that a child has with its mother.
What is temperement?
The innate personality traits of an infant.
How long do infancy and childhood last?
Infancy lasts from birth until 18 - 24 months and childhood lasts from infancy until 11 - 14 years.
What are the four types of attachment?
Secure > Avoidant > Ambivalent > Disorganized
Nativist position states that language is __________ the brain.
Built into.
What is babbling?
This is when infants of about 7 months start to engage in purposeful vocalizations that have no meaning.
Who developed the ideas of Deep structure and Surface structure?
Chomsky.
What is deep structure?
How the idea is represented in the general/ universal grammar common to all languages.
What is surface structure?
How the idea is represented in the specific language.
What is generativity?
The idea that speakers can generate sentences to describe ideas that they have never been exposed to before.
What is linguistic relativity?
The idea that language limits thoughts and cognitive functions.
