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Psychology > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three parts of the neuron?

A

Cell Body
Axon
Dendrites

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2
Q

Do neurons ever touch each-other?

A

No

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3
Q

What are the neuron firing basics. List them in order and draw the graph.

A
  • Resting potential = - 70 mv
  • Threshold = -55 mv. The more positive potential a neuron gets, the closer it gets to its threshold.
  • Action potential = The neuron either fires or it doesn’t. The strength is always the same.
  • Refractory period
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4
Q

What is synaptic transmission and list the different parts of it.

A

Synaptic transmission happens after the action potential and its a chemical process that involves the:

  • synaptic vesicles
  • neurotransmitters
  • receptors
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5
Q

What is the refractory period?

A

The refractory period is a period where the neurons rest before another action potential and they return to their resting potential.

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6
Q

What are the two main classifications of the nervous system?

A
  • Central Nervous System
  • Peripheral Nervous System
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7
Q

What is the classification of the peripheral nervous system and what are their purposes.

A
  • Autonomic = Involuntary action
  • Somatic = Voluntary action
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8
Q

What is the classification of the Autonomic nervous system? State their uses.

A
  • Parasympathetic = Rest and digest
  • Sympathetic = Fight or flight
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9
Q

What are the different ways that scientists use to collect data about the brain? Explain briefly how each one works.

A
  • EEG = This uses electrodes to measure electrical activity on the surface of the brain.
  • fMRI = This uses the ideal of blood flow inside the brain to collect information about activity in various parts of the brain. This is better than EEG.
  • TMS = Uses magnetic fields to shut down certain parts of the brain to figure out which part controls what.
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10
Q

What is the cadaver approach and the advantages and disadvantages of using it?

A

The cadaver approach uses dead brains to try to understand more about the brain and its different parts. The advantage is that is allows for a through analysis. The disadvantage is that the brain is no longer active.

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11
Q

What are Lesions?

A

Lesions are damages that are caused due to accidents to a persons brain and they can be used to study the effects of certain parts of the brain on day to day activity.

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12
Q

What are the basic building blocks of the nervous system?

A

Neurons

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13
Q

What is the outer layer of the human brain called?

A

Cerebral cortex

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14
Q

What does the medulla do?

A

The medulla is a part of the body that connect that brain and the spinal chord and also controls breathing and heart rate.

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15
Q

What does the cerebellum do?

A

The cerebellum controls voluntary movements.

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16
Q

What is corticalization?

A

The folding of the cerebral cortex.

17
Q

What does the limbic system do?

A

It controls emotion and memory.

18
Q

What are the four lobes of the cerebral cortex?

A
  • Frontal lobe
  • Parietal lobe
  • Occipital lobe
  • Temporal lobe
18
Q

How many ways is the cerebral cortex divided into?

A

The cerebral cortex is divided into two hemispheres and each hemisphere is divided into 4 lobes.

19
Q

What does the frontal lobe do?

A

The frontal lobe is responsible for thinking, memory and judgement.

20
Q

What does the parietal lobe do?

A

The parietal lobe is responsible for processing touch.

20
Q

What does the occipital lobe do?

A

The occipital lobe is responsible for processing visual information.

21
Q

What does the temporal lobe do?

A

The temporal lobe is responsible for hearing and language.

22
Q

What do we mean when we say contralateral control in the brain?

A

The left side of the brain processes senses from and controls the right side of the body and vice versa.

23
Q

What is the motor cortex responsible for and where is it located?

A

The motor cortex is responsible for controlling and executing movements in the body. It is located right in-front of the parietal cortex.

24
Q

What is the somatosensory cortex responsible for and where is located?

A

The somatosensory cortex is responsible for receiving information from the skins receptors. Just like the motor cortex, the kore sensitive a body part is the more space is allocated to it on in the cortex.

25
Q

What does nueroplasticity mean?

A

Neuroplasticity refers to the brains ability to adapt to and change based on experiences and damage.

26
Q

Can neurons repair or regerate themselves?

A

No

27
Q

True or False:

Speech is localized in the right hemisphere of the brain.

A

False. Speech is localized on the left hemisphere.

28
Q
A

Psychology (12 decks)

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