Descriptive Statistics Flashcards
patingin ng big deck
- Used in Descriptive studies
- Means of describing the nature and characteristics of the event under investigation
Descriptive Statistics
what is the initial step in data analysis of ANALYTIC RESEARCH?
Descriptive statiscs
Dadaan muna ng descriptive Statistics → inferential → analytic
Purpose of Descriptive statistics
just make uhmmm feel it
- presenting of data
- Summarizing data
Descriptive Statistics
Give the examples of summarizing data
familiarize lang vebs, wag pahirapan sarili
- Statistical tables
- Statistical graphs
- Measures of Central Tendency (quantitative)
- Measures of Dispersion or Variability (quantitative)
- Measures of Position or Location (quantitative)
- Rates and Ratios (Proportion - Quali)
- Frequency Distribution (Table with frequency - Quali )
FAMILIARIZE! para di kabahan dughan
These are measures that describe a typical or representative value in a group of observations.
Measures of Central Tendency
Measures of Central Tendency
What are the types of presentations:
- Mean
- Mode
- Median
Layman’s concept of “average”
=
mean
Population mean -
Sample mean –
Population mean – μ
Sample mean – x (eto lagi mas cinocompute)
If u see this card
Familiarize the formula of mean
Measures of Central Tendency
- Center of gravity in a set of observations
- Sensitive to extreme values
Mean
Measures of Central Tendency
if there is OUTLIER in a mean, what will happen?
the mean is swayed towardsthe extreme side
Measures of Central Tendency
Used especially when other statistical techniques like tests of hypothesis are to be applied to the data
Mean
Measures of Central Tendency
T or F
mean is the least common measure for central tendency?
F
it is bobo ka ha :P
Mean - T or F
Not easy to understand, and complex to calculate
F
EASY and SIMPLE
Mean - T or F
Based on all the values and rigidly defined
T
Mean - T or F
It is easy to understand even if some of the details of the data are lacking
T
diko rin alam accrding kay polly to
Mean - T or F
Based on the position in the series?
F
NOT BASED - icocompute lahat eh
Mean - T or F
Easy to locate in the graph
F
Cannot be located graphically
Mean
What is the bias of MEAN?
JENO - eme UPWARD
What conclusion does mean gives?
Misleading conclusion
Measures of Central Tendency
Middlemost value in a set of observations whose magnitudes have been ordered or arrayed.
Median
What is the cardinal rule in MEDIAN?
should be in CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER
Median - T or F
Very sensitive to extreme values
F
kaya mas favored to kesa sa mean dahil yung GITNA tinitignan
What central tendency is used when distribution are markedly skewed?
Median
If u see this card
SHAKE THAT PHAT ASSS
ene familiarize median location formula
Median
If n is odd, what is the median?
Middle
Median
if n is even, what is the median?
average of the 2 middle numbers
Median - T or F
Median can be calculated in all distributions?
T
Median - T or F
hard to locate graphically
F
Median - T or F
for quanti only
F
Qualit and Quanti
Median - T or F
harder to understand even for statistics bitches
F
can be understood even by you
Median - T or F
it is based on all the values
F
gitna lang
Median - T or F
Capable for further math treatment
F
hanggang median lang siya
Median - T or F
Affected by fluctuation of sampling
T
Measure of Central Tendency
It is the values that occurs most often, and used for categorical or numerical
Mode (Mo)
Mode - T or F
THere may not be a mode?
T
not all data has identcal something
Mode - T or F
Mode is readily comprehensible and easily calculated
T
It is the “highlight” of the data set
Mode
What central tendency are OA for extreme values
MEAN
get it cause its “mean” kaya oa
mode and median are not sensitive for extreme values
Mode - T or F
value of mode can also be determined graphically.
T
Mode - T or F
usually an actual value of an important part of the series.
T
Mode - T or F
Always based on all observation and capable of more mathematical manipulations
F (for both)
central tendencies that are affected GREATLY by sampling fluctuations
Median and Mode
- Describes how data are distributed
- Measures of Shap – Symmetric or skewed
Frequency Distribution Shapes
Best central tendency if the shape is skewer is ??!
Median
what central tendency always PROJECT THE POINT in skewerisity
Mode
skewirisity = yung nag ssskewed yall know it
Range
Variance
Standard deviation
Coefficient of Variation
Measures of Variability or Dispersion
Difference Between Largest & Smallest Observations:
Range
what is the formula for RANGE
X(largest) - X(smallest)
Range - T or F
- Very sensitive to extreme values
- Mention the least and greatest value
Range
Shows Variation About the Mean: – gaano kalayo sa mean
Variance
nasa question na sagot, bobo ka pag dimo alam :P jk
if u see this card
go over the formula for variance
We usually dont know the data for the POPULATION! for variance?
T
Just the square root of the VARIANCE
Standard Deviation
what is the basis of SD?
Mean
gaano kalayo sa mean; para magets check ppt ha
is a measure of how dispersed the data is in relation to the mean?
Standard deviation
A low standard deviation indicates that the values tend to be close to the mean, while a high standard deviation indicates that the values are spread out over a wider range.
use this card para magets mo SD
from innernet and gpt
- Measure of Relative Variation
- Always presented as a pecenteage %
- Shows Variation Relative to Mean
- Used to Compare 2 or More Groups with different units of measurements
Coefficient of Variation
if u see this card
go over the formul of COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION
Not often computed, only when comparing two or more groups with two different unit of measurement
Coefficient of Variation
Measures of Location or Position
Divides the distribution into 100 equal parts
Percentiles
Measures of Location or Position
Divides the distribution into 10 = parts
Deciles
Measures of Location or Position
Divides the distribution into 4 = segments
Quartiles
- Measure of variation
- Also known as the Midspread: Spread in the middle 50%
Interquartile Range
Difference between the third and the first quartiles: Q3 – Q1
Interquartile Range
Not affected by extreme values
if u see this card
go over on how to describe qualitative data
