Dermatology III Highlights Flashcards
1) What is the most common cancer?
2) Etiology of this cancer?
3) Most common locations?
4) List some risk factors
1) BCC (basal cell)
2) UVB
3) 70% on face/chest; “Danger sites”
4) Fair skin (I-III), light-colored eyes, red hair, prolonged sun exposure
1) What is a clinical sub-type of BCC?
2) What are 2 histologic subtypes?
3) Is BCC fast or slow growing?
1) Morpheaform
2) Micronodular & infiltrative
3) Slow-growing
1) What is the most common cancer?
2) What is the etiology?
3) Where on the body are most located?
1) BCC
2) Ultraviolet light (UVB)
3) 70% on face/chest; “Danger sites”
1) What are some risk factors of BCC?
2) Is it fast or slow growing?
1) Fair skin (I-III), light-colored eyes, red hair, prolonged sun exposure
2) Slow growing
List 1 clinical & 2 histologic sub-types of BCC
1) Clinical: morpheaform
2) Histologic:micronodular, infiltrative
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC):
1) What is needed to Dx?
2) What are important aspects of Tx?
1) Biopsy
2) Excision; cryosurgery and electrosurgery limited, Mohs best for morpheaform + sensitive sites/ scalp
What is the most common subtype of BCC? What does it look like?
Nodular BCC; pearly w. rolled border
Ill-defined borders & scar-like appearance is characteristic of what type of BCC?
Morpheaform BCC
Squamous cell carcinoma:
1) Name 2 risk factors
2) What may it arise from?
3) How is it diagnosed?
1) Sun exposure + organ transplant
2) Actinic keratosis
3) Biopsy
What is an invasive SCC Tx?
Excision or Mohs surgery
Scaly, light red to pink spot with telangiectasias is characteristic of what carcinoma’?
SCC
1) What offers superior histologic analysis of tumor margins while permitting maximal conservation of tissue compared with standard surgical excision?
2) Are recurrence rates higher or lower with this method?
1) Mohs Micrographic surgery (MMS)
2) Tend to be lower
What is the leading cause of death due to skin disease and least common type of skin cancer?
Melanoma
What is the single most important prognostic factor for melanomas?
Tumor thickness at time of Dx
What is the most important factor of ABCDE criteria for melanoma
Changing mole (evolution)
What lesions does the ABCDE criteria for melanomas apply to?
Pigmented lesions
1) List some important melanoma diagnosis methods
2) What are some melanoma Txs?
1) Excisional biopsy-must take wide margin (1 cm margin for every 1mm of lesion depth.)vs punch biopsy
2) Excision, referral, or sentinel lymph node biopsy (all lesions >1mm)
Who are the 4 clinical variants of kaposi sarcoma often seen in?
Those with immunodeficiencies/ HIV/AIDS
1) How big can atypical nevi be?
2) When do they have increased risk of melanoma?
1) Diameter > 5mm
2) Pts with >50 nevi with >1 atypical nevi & 1 nevus >8 mm
Atypical nevi:
1) Where are they most common?
2) What is one way they may appear?
1) Most common on trunk & extremities
2) “Fried egg”
1) What is a basic rule of suspicious lesions?
2) Why does this rule exist?
1) Never do a superficial shave biopsy of a pigmented lesion that is a possible melanoma.
2) The most important determinant of survival in melanoma is the Breslow depth, or tumor thickness, of the initial tumor.
1) What is the most common cause of abscesses?
2) What are 2 main characteristics of abscesses?
1) S. aureus
2) Fluctuance, very painful
1) What must you do for all abscesses?
2) What should you not do?
1) Must perform incision and drainage (I&D) irrigation
2) Do not typically need PO antibiotics
-typically will heal up after drainage w/o further antibiotics or treatment
What is an infection of the dermis & subcutaneous tissue called?
Cellulitis
