Dermatology Flashcards
Treatment for large strawberry naevus (camillary hemangiamo)
Propanolol
Treatment for hyperhydrosis (excessive sweating)
Topical alluminium chloride
Iontophoresis (passing of a weak electric current through the skin)
Botox - licensed for axillary symptoms
Surgery - eg endoscopic transthroacic sympathectomy
What is a normal ABPI?
Between 0.9 - 1.2
ABPI in arterial disease
Below 0.9. Values above 1.3 can also indicate arterial disease secondary to calcification (eg in diabetes)
Management of venous ulcers
Compression dresssing
Management of seborrhoeic dermatitis
Topical ketoconazole
What organism is associated with seborrhoec dermatitis
Malassezia
Treatment for impetigo
Hydrogen peroxide 1% cream (first line)
Topical fusidic acid
Toppical mupirocin
School exclusion for impetigo
Excluded until the lesions are crusted and healed or 48 hours after antibiotic treatment.
Management of dermatitis herpetiformis
Gluten free diet
Dapsone
Treatment fo pityriasus versicolor
Ketoconazole shampoo
Organism causing pityriasis versicolol
Malessezia furfur
4 main diagnostic criteria for Herediatroy haemorhagic telangiesctasia
- Epistaxis
- Telangiectasia
- Visceral lesions
- Family history
2 criteria - possible HHT. 3 or more - definite
causes of scarring alopecia
Trauma, burns, radiotherapy, lichen planus discoid lupus, tinea capitus
Causes of non scarring alopecia
male pattern baldness, Drugs (carbimazole, heparin, OCP, Colchicine) Iron and zinc deficiency, alopecia areate, telogen effluvium, trichotillomania
Most common location for keloid scars
Sternum
Treatment of keloid scars
Intra lesional steroids eg tramcinolone
Excision (but can cause worse scarring)
Treatment of rosacea
Topical brimodine gel (patients with predominant flushing and minimal telangiectasia) - used on an as requried basis and reduces redness within 30 minutes
Topical ivermectin
Topical metronidazole or topical azelaci acid.
Severe - Topical ivermectin + oral doxycycline
Laser therapy
Skin disorder that causes itch and a rash often polygonal in shape with a white lines pattern on the surface. Also causes a white lace pattern on buccal muscosa
Lichen planus
Management of lichen planus
Potent topical steroids
Benzydamine mouthwash for oral lichen planus
Causes of erythema nodosum
Infection (streptococci, TB, brucellosis)
Sarcoidosis
IBD
bechets
Malignancy/lymphoma
Drugs - penicillin, sulphonamides, COCP, pregnancy
Treatment for actinic keratosis
Flurouracil cream
Topical diclofenac
Topical imiquimod
Cryotherapy
Curettage and cauthery
Investigation for suspected allergic contact dermatitis
Patch testing
Treatment for post wine stains
laser therapy
Treatment for alopecia areata
Topical or intralesional corticosteroids
Topical minoxidil
Phototherapy
Dithranol and in 80 - 90% eventually
hair will regrow in 50% of patients in 1 year
Treatment for chronic plaque psoriasis
- Potent corticoteroid + vitamin D analogue
(should be applied seprately)
If no improvement after 8 weeks - Vitamin D analagoue 2 x daily
If no improvement after 8 - 12 weeks - Potent corticosteroid applied 2 x daily for up to 4 weeks or a coal tar preparation
Short acting dithranol
Phototherapy
Systemic therapy - methotrexate, ciclosporin, biologics, retinoids
Management of scalp psoriasis
Potent topical corticosteroud
Management of face, flexural or genital psoriasis
Mild or moderate potency corticosteroud applied once or twice daily
managment of bullous pemphigoid
Oral corticosteroids
What does the skin biopsy for bullous pemphigoid show
IgG and C3 at the dermoepidermal junction
Treatment of scabies
Permethrin 5%
Malathion 0.5%
Factors that exacerbate psoriasis
Trauma
Alcohol
Drugs (beta blockers, lithium, antimalarial, NSAIDS, ACE inhibitos. infliximab
What is koilonychia
Spoon shaped nails caused by iron deficiency
What is pemphigoid gestationis?
Autoimmune blistering disorder specific to pregnancy. Occurs in the 2nd or 3rd trimester and characterised by intensly itchy urticarial plaques that progress to tense vesicles. Initial lesions in the periumbilical region are characteristic.
Causes by antibodies affecting the basement membrane zone.
What is pompholyx eczema?
Vesicular hand dermatitis common in young adults and is related to sweating
What is a curlings ulcer?
An acute peptic stress ulcer that can occue after severe burns,
