Cardiology

Question 1

Drugs than prolong QT

Answer 1

Antiarrhythmics (amiodarone, sotalol)
Antibiotics (erythromycin, clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin)
Psychiatric medications (SSRI, Tricyclics)

Question 2

Electrolyte abnormalities that cause long QT

Answer 2

Hypocalcaemia, Hypomagnesaemia, Hypokalaemia

Question 3

Management of torsades de pointes

Answer 3

IV Magnesium Sulphate

Question 4

Features of severe aortic stenosis

Answer 4

Narrow pulse pressure
Slow rising pulse
Delayed ESM
Soft/absent S2
Fourth heart sound
Thrill
Left ventricular hypertrophy

Question 5

Most common mutation seen in HOCM

Answer 5

Mutation in the gene encoding Beta myosin heavy chain proetin or myosin binding protein C

Question 6

Does HOCM cause systolic or diastolic dysfunction

Answer 6

Diastolic dysfunction (Left ventricular hypertrophy causing decreased compliance therefore decreasing cardiac output

Question 7

What do you see on a biopsy of HOCM?

Answer 7

Myofibrillar hypertrophy with chaotic fashion myoctes and fibrosis

Question 8

ECG changes in HOCM

Answer 8

Left ventricular hypertrophy
Progressive T wave inversion
Deep Q waves