dermatological conditions

Question 1

what is the largest organ dog the body?

Answer 1

the skin

Question 2

what system is the skin a part of?

Answer 2

integumentary system

Question 3

what tissue makes up the epidermis?

Answer 3

epithelial

Question 4

what tissue primarily makes up the dermis?

Answer 4

connective

Question 5

what are the 4 primary functions of the skin?

Answer 5

1. sense
2. protection
3. temperature regulation
4. vitamin D synthesis

Question 6

what is a blister?

Answer 6

a pocket of fluid (serous or blister water) in epidermal layers

Question 7

what layer does a blister hit when it becomes a blood blister?

Answer 7

the dermal layer

Question 8

what causes a blister to form?

Answer 8

friction or rubbing forces

Question 9

what is an abrasion?

Answer 9

rubbing or scraping of the epithelium

Question 10

do abrasions always bleed?

Answer 10

no, only if it reaches the dermal layers

Question 11

what is the key aspect of an incision?

Answer 11

a clean cut

Question 12

does a sharp object or a blunt object create an incision?

Answer 12

sharp

Question 13

what are two key aspects of a laceration?

Answer 13

jagged edges and it reaches the dermal layer

Question 14

what is an avulsion?

Answer 14

a gouging or pulling away of a skin section

Question 15

true or false: you should remove the skin flap with an avulsion.

Answer 15

false

Question 16

what are the 4 steps to wound management

Answer 16

1. control the bleeding
2. cleansing and debridement
3. prevent infection
4. apply sterile dressing

Question 17

how do you control bleeding?

Answer 17

direct pressure to help with coagulation

Question 18

what two things should be used to help prevent infections?

Answer 18

antiseptic solutions and antibiotic ointment

Question 19

how big should a wound be to need sutures?

Answer 19

> 3 cm

Question 20

what layers are impacted with a superficial wound?

Answer 20

epidermal layers

Question 21

what layers are impacted with a deep wound?

Answer 21

dermal layers

Question 22

what replaces connective tissue during healing in deep wounds?

Answer 22

scar tissue

Question 23

what helps limit scarring during wound healing?

Answer 23

approximation of margins

Question 24

what is a hypertrophic scar?

Answer 24

one that stays within boundaries of the would with parallel alignment

Question 25

what is a keloid scar?

Answer 25

grows beyond boundaries of the wound, can form a nodule or tumor-like appearance

Question 26

what causes premature aging of skin, drying and wrinkling (pruning)

Answer 26

chronic overexposure to UV light

Question 27

what is melanin?

Answer 27

the natural “dark” pigment that protects skin

Question 28

how does melanin protect the skin?

Answer 28

absorbs UV radiation

Question 29

true or false: only UV-A is related to skin cancer

Answer 29

false, both UV-A and UV-B are related

Question 30

What is the best SPF for protection against UV rays?

Answer 30

SPF 30

Question 31

what percentage of UV is blocked by SPF 30

Answer 31

~97%

Question 32

what individuals are at a higher risk against UV rays?

Answer 32

light skin tone and those on prescription drugs

Question 33

what is neoplasm

Answer 33

abnormal or excessive growth, develops into a tumor, malignant form is cancer

Question 34

what are the 3 common forms of skin cancer?

Answer 34

1. Basal cell carcinoma 2. Squamous cell carcinoma 3. Malignant melanomas

Question 35

what is the most common cancer in young women and is considered life threatening?

Answer 35

malignant melanomas

Question 36

what type of skin cancer rarely metastasizes?

Answer 36

basal cell carcinoma

Question 37

What are the A, B, C, and Ds of melanoma

Answer 37

Asymmetric Border irregularity Color Diameter

Question 38

what are the 2 types of bacterial infections?

Answer 38

staphylococcus and streptococcus

Question 39

is staphylococcus made from clumps or chains?

Answer 39

clumps

Question 40

are staph and strep single celled micro-organisms?

Answer 40

yes

Question 41

what type of bacterial infection is pus producing?

Answer 41

pyoderma

Question 42

what type of bacteria causes folliculitis?

Answer 42

staph

Question 43

what is the main cause of folliculitis?

Answer 43

shaving or skin irritation that creates infected hair follicles

Question 44

what are ways to manage folliculitis?

Answer 44

topical ointments, antiseptic washes, or oral antibiotics

Question 45

what is cellulitis?

Answer 45

a staph or strep infection that spreads rapidly and affects the dermis and subQ of legs and arms

Question 46

are carbuncles/furuncles caused by strep or staph?

Answer 46

staph

Question 47

what are s/s of carbuncles/furuncles

Answer 47

red, swollen, inflamed lesion, pus-filled, tender to touch, swollen lymph nodes, may have a fever

Question 48

what is the treatment to carbuncles?

Answer 48

warm soaks or compress, antibiotics, and/or surgical drainage

Question 49

how is impetigo contagiosa transmitted?

Answer 49

direct body contact with open wound or insect bites

Question 50

what is the treatment to impetigo

Answer 50

topical and/or oral antibiotics

Question 51

what are the s/s to impetigo?

Answer 51

itching, red, oozing, crusty, tender

Question 52

what does MRSA stand for?

Answer 52

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

Question 53

what does ORSA stand for?

Answer 53

oxacillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

Question 54

how are MRSA and ORSA transmitted?

Answer 54

direct contact, infected clothing or hygiene products

Question 55

true or false, viruses don’t require a host cell to survive

Answer 55

false

Question 56

what is a virus?

Answer 56

a nucleic acid, and an ultramicroscopic organism

Question 57

where is HSV 1 common?

Answer 57

mouth and nasal mucosa

Question 58

where is HSV 2 common?

Answer 58

genitalia

Question 59

how are viruses transmitted?

Answer 59

through direct contact with open wound or mucosa

Question 60

what type of tissue does dermatophytosis impact?

Answer 60

superficial keratinized tissue

Question 61

what type of dermatological condition is ringworm (tines)

Answer 61

fungal

Question 62

what is tines capitus?

Answer 62

a fungal infection that infects hair follicles and creates scalp lesions

Question 63

what is corporis?

Answer 63

a fungal infection that affects the torso, arms, and legs

Question 64

how is corporis characterized?

Answer 64

circular wheel patterns with red raised patches inside

Question 65

what is the common name for tines pedis?

Answer 65

athletes foot

Question 66

where does athletes foot start?

Answer 66

the web spaces between toes

Question 67

what are s/s of athletes foot?

Answer 67

scaling, flaking, and itching that could progress beyond the toes

Question 68

what is tines unguium?

Answer 68

a fungal infection that impacts the nail bed or plate (fungi embedded within)

Question 69

is tines versicolor yeast or mold?

Answer 69

yeast

Question 70

what does the yeast feed on with versicolor?

Answer 70

skin oils, and thrives in warm and humid conditions

Question 71

what is the treatment solution for fungal infections

Answer 71

anti-fungal agents or topical applications

Question 72

what is contact dermatitis?

Answer 72

an allergic reaction caused by direct contact?

Question 73

what 3 things can cause contact dermatitis?

Answer 73

1. chemical triggers (allergens) 2. mechanical triggers (irritants) 3. hypersensitivity disorders

Question 74

what are the classic s/s of contact dermatitis?

Answer 74

hives, redness, swelling, and itching

Question 75

what is chilblains?

Answer 75

a reaction that occurs when the skin is exposed to wind and/or cold contact