Dermatitis and Atopic Eczema

Question 1

What is hyperkeratosis

Answer 1

increased thickness of keratin layer

Question 2

what is parakeratosis

Answer 2

persistence of nuclei in the keratin layer

Question 3

what is acanthosis

Answer 3

increased thickness of epidermis

Question 4

what is papillomatosisi

Answer 4

irregular epithelial thickening

Question 5

what is spongiosis

Answer 5

oedema between keratinocytes

Question 6

describe four features of dermatitis/eczema

Answer 6

itchy
ill defined
erythematous
scaly

Question 7

in the acute phase how may dermatis present

Answer 7

papulovesicular
red
oedema
scaling and crusting

Question 8

in the chronic stages how may dermatitis present

Answer 8

lichenification
plaques
scaling

Question 9

what type of hypersensitivity is contact allergic dermatitis

Answer 9

type four

Question 10

how can the cause of contact allergic dermatitis be determined

Answer 10

patch testing

Question 11

how long are the patches left on in patch testing

Answer 11

48HRS

Question 12

how long after the patches have been placed on is the reaction assessed

Answer 12

after 96hours

Question 13

describe the clinical features of atopic eczem

Answer 13

pruritis
red
scaling
flexural distribution

Question 14

what is the most common cause of secondary infection in eczema

Answer 14

s.aureus

Question 15

what is eczema herpeticum

Answer 15

eczema which is secondarily infected with herpes simplex virus

Question 16

describe the apprearance of excema herpeticum

Answer 16

monomorphic punched out lesions

Question 17

how is atopic excema diagnosed clinicallyq

Answer 17

itching plus three or more of:
flexural rash (or history of)- cheeks and extensor surfaces in infants
history or first degree family history of atopy
dry skin
onset before age 2

Question 18

name some other types of dermatitis/eczema

Answer 18

discoid 
photosensitive
stasis
seborrhoeic
lichen simplex

Question 19

what is lichen simplex

Answer 19

disorder characterised by constant scratching in the absence of dermatosis

Question 20

how may you be able to differentiate between an irritant or allergic reaction on patch testing

Answer 20

irritants tend to improve after patch removed

allergic typically continure to worsen and look worse at the 96 hour mark