Anatomy: Leg Circulation

Question 1

Name the fascia on the thigh.

Answer 1

fascia lata

Question 2

Name the fascia on the (lower) leg.

Answer 2

crural fascia

Question 3

Name the fascia on the forearm

Answer 3

antebrachial fascia

Question 4

where are the superficial veins located

Answer 4

within the superficial fascia

Question 5

Where are the deep veins located

Answer 5

deep to the deep fascia and in cavities eg NVB

Question 6

what is an end artery

Answer 6

the only blood supply to a given area of the body( no collaterals)

Question 7

what is infarction

Answer 7

irreversible cell death due to hypozia caused by loss of blood supply

Question 8

What is important to remember about end arteries when performing surgery

Answer 8

MUST NOT use adrenaline containing anaestetic solution when performing surgery in the vicinity of end arteries

Question 9

what is ischaemia

Answer 9

inadequate oxygenation of cells/tissue/organ due to an interustion to blood supply (arterial or venous)

Question 10

what causes ischaemia

Answer 10

reduced arterial perfusion pressure

increased venous drainage pressure

Question 11

what causes reduced arterial perfusion pressure

Answer 11

left ventricular failure
arterial bleed
arterial rupture
occlusion of lumen (atherosclerosis)
arterial spasm
external compression

Question 12

what may cause increased venous drainage pressure

Answer 12

right (congestive) cardiac failure
DVT
external compression

Question 13

what does the popliteal artery bifurcate into

Answer 13

anterior and posterior tibial artery

Question 14

what branches off the anterior tibial artery

Answer 14

dorsalis pedis artery

Question 15

what branches off the posterior tibial artery

Answer 15

medial and lateral plantar arches

Question 16

Name the dorsal arch

Answer 16

arcuate artery

Question 17

How many digital arteries are there per digit in the foot

Answer 17

four

Question 18

where do the cephalic and basiclic vein arise from

Answer 18

the dorsal venous network

Question 19

what aspect of the limb is the cephalic vein on

Answer 19

lateral

Question 20

what aspect of the limb is the basilica vein on

Answer 20

medial

Question 21

where is the cephalic vein located

Answer 21

deltopectroal groove

Question 22

where does the cephalic vein drain to

Answer 22

axillary vein

Question 23

where does the basilica vein drain to

Answer 23

the brachial vein

Question 24

when does the axillary vein become the subclavian

Answer 24

at the lateral border of rib 1

Question 25

where do the great and small saphenous vein arise from

Answer 25

the dorsal venous arch

Question 26

where is the great saphenous vein located

Answer 26

medial aspect of the lower limb

Question 27

where is the small saphenous vein located

Answer 27

posterior midline of the leg

Question 28

where does the great saphenous vein drain

Answer 28

femoral vein

Question 29

where does the small saphenous vein drain

Answer 29

popliteal vein

Question 30

where is the commonest site of venous ulveration

Answer 30

the gaiter area= medial aspect of distal leg