Depth Principles Flashcards
Binocular Depth Cues (convergence and retinal disparity)
Require the use of both eyes working together in order to provide information to the brain about depth and distance.
Depth Principles
Is the ability to accurately estimate the distance of objects and therefore perceive the world in three dimensions.
-Convergence
Involves the brain detecting and interpreting depth or distance from changes in tension in the eye muscles that occur when the two eyes turn inwards to focus on objects that are close.
-Retinal Disparity
Refers to the very slightly difference in the location of the visual images on the retinae (due to their slightly different angles of view) which enables us to make judgements about the depth or distance of an object.
Monocular Depth Cues (accommodation and pictorial cues)
Require the use of only one eye to provide information to the brain about depth and distances but they also operate with both eyes.
-Accomodation
Involves the automatic adjustment of the shape of the lens to focus an object in response to changes in how far away the object is.
-Pictorial Cues (linear perspective, interposition, texture gradient, relative size, and height in the visual field.)
Are so named because artists use them to create depth and distance on two-dimensional surfaces such as paper and canvas.
-Linear Perspective
Is the apparent convergence of parallel lines as they recede into the distance.
-Interposition
Occurs when one object partially blocks or covers another, and the partially blocked object is perceived as further away then the one that covers it.
-Texture Gradient
Refers to the gradual reduction of detail that occurs in a surface as it recedes into the distance, compared to one that is close and perceived in fine detail.
-Relative Size
Refers to the tendency to visually perceive the object that produces the largest image on the retina as being closer, and the smaller object in the retina as further away.
-Height in the Visual Field
Refers to the location of objects in our visual field, whereby objects that are located closer to the horizon are perceived as being more distant than objects located further from the horizon.
