dementia

Question 1

alzeihermers disease is atrophy of what

Answer 1

cortex and hippocampus

Question 2

what are the genes that can be mutated to lead to alzeihermers

Answer 2

PSEN-1
PSEN-2
amyloid precursor protein APP gene

late onset
occurs in over 65
over 20 gene variants - effects of these genes are subtle.

Question 3

what is the highest risk of apoldprotein

Answer 3

e4 - 1 copy increases risk at younger age , double worse

Question 4

vascular dementia caused by what gene mutation

and Sx

Answer 4

CADASIL mut characterised with migraine, multiple strokes and progression to dementia

high cholesterol and BP and T2DM also increase risk of developing this in later life

Question 5

gene for the protein tau

Answer 5

MAPT

Question 6

A 72 year old man is diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Following his death his brain is studied and reveals the presence of neurofibrillary tangles.

Which protein is primarily associated with these structures?

Answer 6

tau

Question 7

what are the ways histones can be modified

Answer 7

methylation - chemical process that adds methyl group to amino acid lysine located in the histone

acetylation - chemical processes that adds on acetyl group to the amino acid lysine located in the histone