Definitions Flashcards
Independent Variable
A variable in an experiment that is changed
Dependent Variable
A variable in an experiment that is measured
Operationalisation
How something is measured
Hypothesis
A prediction for the results in an experiment
BPS
British Psychological Society - The representative body for psychology and psychologists in the U.K.: formed in 1901 and is run by its members
Competence
Understanding the importance of preserving their ability to function optimally within the recognised limits of their knowledge, skill and experience
Respect
Value the dignity and worth of all persons with particular regard to people’s rights including those of privacy and self determination
Integrity
Value honesty, accuracy, clarity and fairness in their interactions and seek to promote integrity in their scientific and professional endeavours
Responsibility
Claiming responsibility to clients, the general public and the profession and science of psychology, including the avoidance of harm and the prevention of misuse or abuse that contributes to society
Social Influene
Where an individual’s behaviour, attitudes and emotions are affected by those of another individual
Obedience
Compliance to the real or imagined demands of an authority figure
Dissent
Rejecting demands of an authority figure
Agency Theory
We are socialised into an agentic state from a young age
Autonomous State
Our free will and conscience makes our decisions
Agentic State
We are agents of authority and society - serving the wider group’s wishes and desires
Agentic Shift
Moving from the autonomous state to the agentic state
Moral Strain
When people become uncomfortable with their behaviour because they feel it is wrong and goes against their values
Legitimate Power
People who have actual power/a right to have power over you
Reward Power
Those who have the power to reward us
Coercive Power
Those with the power to punish us
Expert Power
Those you listen to because they’re intelligent/know things that will help you or you want to know
Referent Power
Look up to and want to be like
Ecological Validity
Comparison to a real life situation
Sampling
The way in which participants are selected
Target Population
The population of people being investigated by a study
Volunteering
Participants volunteer to take part in research
Opportunity
Participants who are selected due t o who is available at the time of selection
Stratified
If the target population has a number of characteristics that need to be proportionally represented in the sample recruited
Random
When participants are randomly selected
Reliability
When an experiment is reliable enough to be repeated and gain the same results
Deception
When a participant is not given the correct details of an experiment and is deceived
Withdrawal
A participant is allowed to stop taking part in an experiment
Debrief
When a participant is told the full truth of an experiment as soon as possible
