DEFINITIONS Flashcards
What is the relative isotopic mass?
The mass of one isotope compared to 1/12th of the mass of one atom of carbon 12
What is the relative atomic mass?
The weighted mean mass of one atom compared to 1/12th of the mass of one atom of carbon 12
What is the relative molecular mass?
The average mass of a molecule compared to 1/12th of the mass of one atom of carbon 12
Definition of the mole?
The amount of substance in grams that has the same number of particles as there are atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12
Definition of molar mass?
The mass in grams of 1 mole of a substance and is given the unit of g mol -1
What is the empirical formula?
The simplest ratio of atoms of each element in the compound
What is the molecular formula?
The actual number of atoms of each element in the compound
Hydrocarbon?
A compound containing carbon and hydrogen only
Saturated?
A saturated hydrocarbon has single bonds only
Unsaturated?
Unsaturated hydrocarbon contains carbon-to-carbon multiple bonds
Homologous series?
A family of compounds with similar chemical properties whose successive members differ by the addition of a CH2 group
Functional group?
The part of the organic molecule which is largely responsible for the molecules chemical properties
Aliphatic?
Carbon atoms are joined to eachother in unbranched (straight) or branched chains, or non-aromatic rings
Alicyclic (cyclic)?
Carbon atoms are joined to eachother in ring (cyclic) structures, with or without branches
Aromatic?
Some or all of the carbon atoms are found in a benzene ring
Molecular formula?
Shows the number and type of atoms of each element present in a molecule
Empirical?
Simplest whole number ratio of the atoms of each element present in a compound
General formula?
Simplest algebraic formula for any member of a homologous series
Displayed?
Shows the relative positioning of all the atoms in a molecule and the bonds between them
Structural formula?
Uses the smallest amount of detail necessary to show the arrangement of the atoms in a molecule
Skeletal?
Simplified organic formula
What is a chain isomer?
The carbon chain is different (will have branches etc)
What is a position isomer?
The isomers contain the same functional group, in different positions on the chain
Functional group?
The isomer contains different functional groups
What is an alkyl group?
A side chain formed by removing a hydrogen atom removed from an alkane parent chain
