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PE psychology > definitions > Flashcards

definitions Flashcards

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1
Q

Simple skill

A

Skills that don’t require many decisions to be made due to a low perceptual load. They are technically easy to perform

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2
Q

Complex skill

A

Skills that require lots of decisions to be made due to a high perceptual load. They are technically difficult to perform

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3
Q

Open skill

A

When the environment is constantly changing and affects the skill, requiring the performer to adjust

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4
Q

Closed skill

A

When the environment is fixed and does not affect the skill. Movement patterns do not change

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5
Q

Self-paced skill

A

When the performer has control over the speed and timing of the skill, such as when to start performing the skill

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6
Q

Externally paced skill

A

When the environment or opponent has control over the speed and timing of the skill, such as when to start performing the skill

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7
Q

Gross skill

A

Skills that require large muscle movements, usually those that require less precision and accuracy

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8
Q

Fine skill

A

Skills that require small muscle movements, usually those that require more precision and accuracy

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9
Q

Discrete skill

A

The skill has a clear beginning and end

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10
Q

Serial skill

A

The skill is made up of discrete elements that are put together in an order to create a movement, usually 2 or more skills put together

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11
Q

Continuous skill

A

The skill does not have a clear beginning and end

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12
Q

Low organisation skill

A

Skills where subroutines are easily separated, making it easy to break down

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13
Q

High organisation skill

A

Skills where subroutines are closely linked together, making it hard to break down

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14
Q

Part practice

A

Practicing by splitting a skill into sub-routines

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15
Q

Whole practice

A

Practicing by completing the skill in its entirety

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16
Q

Whole-part-whole practice

A

Practicing the skill in its entirety, then breaking it down into sub-routines and focusing on a section, then practicing the skill in its entirety again

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17
Q

Progressive part practice

A

Practicing a skill in stages by linking and chaining subroutines together

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18
Q

Massed practice

A

Practicing a skill repeatedly without a break/rest

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19
Q

Distributed practice

A

Practicing a skill repeatedly but incorporating breaks/rest periods

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20
Q

Fixed practice

A

Practicing in a stable environment where the conditions remain unchanged

21
Q

Varied practice

A

Practicing in a changing environment where the conditions change

22
Q

Positive transfer

A

When the learning of one skill helps the learning of another skill

23
Q

Negative transfer

A

When the learning of one skill hinders the learning of another skill

24
Q

Proactive transfer

A

When the learning of a previous skill affects the learning of a new skill

25
Q

Retroactive transfer

A

When the learning of a new skill affects a previously learnt skill

26
Q

Bilateral transfer

A

When transferring the skill from one limb to the other limb e.g. from right side to left side

27
Q

Intrinsic feedback

A

Comes from internally from the performer

28
Q

Extrinsic feedback

A

Comes from an external source such as, a coach

29
Q

Positive feedback

A

Gives information about a successful outcome or technique

30
Q

Negative feedback

A

Gives information about an unsuccessful outcome or technique

31
Q

Knowledge of performance

A

Information about how well the movement or technique was executed

32
Q

Knowledge of results

A

Information about the outcome

33
Q

Personality

A

Characteristics and traits that influence behaviour and make a person unique

34
Q

Attitude

A
35
Q

Intrinsic motivation

A

Performing for personal satisfaction

36
Q

Extrinsic motivation

A

Performing for external rewards

37
Q

Arousal

A

A degree of psychological readiness and drive to achieve

38
Q

Anxiety

A

Negative emotional state associated with stress, leading to feelings of worry

39
Q

Aggression

A

An act showing the intention to harm outside the laws of the game

40
Q

Social facilitation

A

An increase in performance due to the presence of a crowd

41
Q

Social inhibition

A

A decrease in performance due to the presence of a crowd

42
Q

Group

A

A collection of people who interact by having a common goal

43
Q

Sports confidence

A

The belief an individual has about their ability to be successful in sport

44
Q

Self-Efficacy

A

The belief an individual has about their ability to be successful in a specific sporting situation

45
Q

Trait sports confidence

A

Innate level of self-belief an individual has in sport

46
Q

State sports confidence

A

Learned level of self-belief in a specific sporting situation

47
Q

Learned helplessness

A

An individual’s belief that failure is inevitable

48
Q

Mastery orientation

A

An individual’s feeling of being in control of the outcome

49
Q

Stress

A

Perception of an inability to cope with demands

PE psychology (5 decks)

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