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Hannah Neuro > deep face > Flashcards

deep face Flashcards

1
Q

what are the cartilaginous parts of the nose

A
  • 2 lateral cartilages
  • 2 major and minor alar cartilages
  • 1 septal cartilage (nasal septum)
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2
Q

the nasal cavity (except for vestibule of nose) are lined with nasal mucosa which divide into 2 parts which are

A

lower 2/3 = respiratory
-middle and inferior turbinate

upper 1/3 = olfactory
-superior turbinate with CN 1 nerve endings

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3
Q

what are the 2 main branches that supply blood to the nasal cavity

A
  • maxillary A. (sphenopalatine,, greater palatine)
  • facial A. (inferior labial a. and lateral nasal)
  • othalmic a. (from ICA) = ethmoidal a.
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4
Q

what is the innervation of the TMJ joint

A
  • branches of V3 (mandibular N.)

- capsule head = auriculotemporal N. , posterior deep temporal N. , massesteric N.

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5
Q

bones of the external nose

A
  • nasal bone
  • frontal bone (nasal part and nasal spine)
  • frontal part of the maxilla
  • boney part of nasal septum (-medial line down the nose where where vomer and ethmoid bones are )
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6
Q

what structures can be damages in a TMJ joint fracture

A
  • paroitd gland,
  • superficial temporal
  • facial nerve
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7
Q

what muscle attaches to the articular disc of the articular capsule of the TMJ joint

A

-superior head of the lateral pterygoid M..

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8
Q

what are the 4 passage ways of the nasal cavity and where do they open

A
  1. spheno-ethmoidal recess (opening to sphenoid sinus)
  2. superior nasal meatus (opening to posterior ethmoidal sinuses)
  3. middle nasal meatus
    -anterior semilunar hiatus opens into frontal sinus
    -ethmoidal bulba - opening to anterior and middle ethmoid sinus
    -posterior semilunar hiatus- opening to the maxillary sinus
    (semilunar hiatus is below the ethmoidal bulba)
  4. inferior nasal meatus (opening to nasolacrimal duct)
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9
Q

boundaries of the internal nose (nasal cavity)

A

Roof
-frontal, nasal, ethmoid, sphenoid

Floor
-palatine, maxila

lateral wall
-inferiror nasal concha and ethmoid (superrior and middle nasal concha)

medial (septum)
-vomer, ethmoid, palatine, maxilla, septal cartilage

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10
Q

what happens to the TMJ joint when the mouth is opened <15 degrees, greater than 15 degrees ?

A

<15 = pivot of the joint with minimal sliding of the articular disc by the lateral pterygoid M.

> 15 = anterior dislocation of the joint (mandibular bone comes out of mandibular fossa on temporal bone). articular disc being pulled forward by the lateral pterygoid M. holding the joint together

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11
Q

when does the nasal cavity drain venous blood

A

sphenopalatine, facial, and opthalmaic veins

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12
Q

what are the two main types of epistaxis

A
  • nose bleed
    1. anterior - bleeding out of nostrils
  • most common
  • source : kieseelbach plexus (anterior ethmoidal A. , superoir labial A. , sphenopalatine A. greater palatine A.)
  1. posterior -bleeding down the throat
    - less common, harder to control
    - source: woodruffs plexus (posterior ethmoidal A. and sphenopalatine A. )
    - associated with bleed from both nostrils, flowing into pharynx, and increased risk of aspiration and airway compromise bc of difficulty controlling the bleed

primary cause: spontaneous, idiopathic
secondary cause: trauma

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13
Q

what is the nerve and blood supply to the paranasal sinuses

A
  1. frontal
    - blood: anterior ethmoidal, supraorbital
    - nerve- supraorbital (V1)
  2. ethmoid
    - blood: ethmoidal A.
    - nerve- nasociliary N (V1)
  3. sphenoid
    - blood: posterior ethmoidal A.
    - nerve- posterior ethmoid N. (V1)
  4. maxillary
    - blood: superior alveolar a., greater palatine a.
    - nerve: superior alveolar n. (V2)
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14
Q

what are the boundaries of the pterygopalatine fossa

A

anterior: maxilla
posterior: sphenoid
medial- palatine
lateral: infra temporal fossa
roof: sphenoid
floor: palatine

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15
Q

where is an inferior alveolar dental nerve block inserted

A

*inside check part of the mouth
-between the pterygomandibular raphe and the coronoid notch inside the mouth.
(raphe is between buccinator and pharyngeal constrictor muscles)

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16
Q

where do you inject a nerve block for the superior posterior, middle, and anterior alveolar N.

A

posterior (back upper molars )
-inject above the back 3 upper molars, above the gums

middle (premolar and middle teeth)
-inject anteriorly to the 3rd upper molar into the gums

anterior (front teeth and below nose area)
-inject up the lip in the front the hit the infraorbital N. (after it has branched of the middle superior alveolar N.)

17
Q

what bones meet to make the nasal septum

A

perpinducular plate of ethmoid and the vomer

nasal crests of maxillary and palatine

18
Q

what boney parts of the temporal bone are important in making the articular capsule of the TMJ joint

A

postglenoid tubercle, auricular tubercle
(have an anterior and posterior band on the inside to keep the mandible in place on the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone)

19
Q

what opening is located in the superior portion of the pterygopalatine fossa? and what foramen is located superiorly and posteriorly? and what canal is located posteriorly ?

A

inferior orbital fissure

  • foramen rotundum
  • pterygoid canal
20
Q

what are the parts of the nasal septum

A
  • vomer
  • cartilagionous part of septal cartilage
  • perpindicular part of ethmoid
21
Q

what ligaments are associated with the TMJ joint

A

(these prevent anterior protrusion and inferior excursion of TMJ)
stylomandibular L.
shpenomandibular L.

-articular capsule (holds the articular disc)

22
Q

what innervates the tensor veli palatini and the tensor tympani ?

A

V3 (mandibular part) of CN 5

23
Q

contents of the pterygopalatine fossa

A
  1. Maxillary N (v2) -
    - pterygopalatine nerves (synapse and make greater and lesser palatine)
    - zygomatic n.,
    - superior alveolar n.
2. maxillary a. (3rd part) --- 
sphenopalatine A. 
infraorbital A.
superior alveolar a. 
greater/lesser palatine
  1. pterygopalatine ganglion
    - Vidian N.

Hannah Neuro (20 decks)

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