Deck 5 Flashcards
1
Q
DNOC was previously used as
A
Insecticide, acaricide, fungicide, herbicide (nowadays banned in SK)
2
Q
Mechanism of action of DNOC
A
- inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation in tissue
- it’s also a methemoglobinaemic substance
3
Q
Therapy of DNOC poisoning
A
- application of barbiturates
- sufficient amount of water/rehydration
- cold environment
- decontamination of skin with cold water & mild soap
- methylene blue if high conc. MtHB
4
Q
DNOC poisoning symptoms
A
- yellow mucous membranes, skin & feathers
- hyperpnoea, dyspnoea
- sweating
- oliguria
- muscle weakness/ spasms
- increased body temp
- rapid rigor mortis immediately after death
5
Q
DNOC is an alkaline environment…
A
forms salts readily soluble in water with an intensive yellow colour (in acidic environment it is poorly soluble)
6
Q
Most important diagnostic aid in organophosphate poisoning
A
Cholinesterase activity
7
Q
Effects on the nervous system in organophosphate poisoning (caused by cholinergic overstimulation)
A
- Muscarinic effects (usually 1st to appear) –> hyper salivation, miosis, frequent urination, D+, vomiting, colic & dyspnoea (caused by increased bronchial secretions & bronchoconstriction)
- Nicotine effects –> muscle fasciculation & weakness
- Central effects –> nervousness, ataxia, apprehension, seizures, depression, convulsions
8
Q
What are the most frequently used methods for ID of alkaloids?
A
Stass & Otto method
9
Q
What is MCPA?
A
2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid
10
Q
MCPA mechanism of action
A
- inhibition of ribonuclease synthesis
- uncoupling agents of oxidative phosphorylation
- demyelination of peripheral nerves
