D5: Joints

Question 1

what are joints also known as?

Answer 1

articulations

Question 2

how many joints are there in the human body?

Answer 2

350

Question 3

what do joints attach together?

Answer 3

bone to bone

Question 4

what are joints lubricated by?

Answer 4

synovial fluid to help movement

Question 5

what are the 3 different classifications of joints?

Answer 5

-fixed
-slightly moveable
-freely moveable

Question 6

what are the 6 major types of synovial joints?

Answer 6

-pivot
-hinge
-condyloid
-ball and socket
-saddle
-gliding

Question 7

how many types classification of joints are there?

Answer 7

3

Question 8

how many types of synovial joints are there?

Answer 8

6

Question 9

what are fixed joints known as?

Answer 9

-fibrous joints

Question 10

what are fixed joints?

Answer 10

joints that are held together by bands of tough fibrous tissue

Question 11

movement in fixed joints?

Answer 11

no range of movement

Question 12

example of a fixed joint?

Answer 12

cranium

Question 13

what is slightly moveable also known as?

Answer 13

cartilaginous joints

Question 14

movement of slightly moveable joints?

Answer 14

slight range of movement

Question 15

how do cartilaginous joints work?

Answer 15

-when bent too far, cartilage stops them
-ends of bones are covered in articular cartilage to prevent friction
-bones are separated by pads of fibrocartilage

Question 16

example of a slightly moveable joints?

Answer 16

vertebrae column

Question 17

what are freely moveable joints also known as?

Answer 17

synovial joints

Question 18

movement in a freely moveable joint?

Answer 18

wide range of movement

Question 19

what do freely moveable joints have to increase movement?

Answer 19

large amount of lubrication/synovial fluid

Question 20

example of a freely moveable joint?

Answer 20

-ball and socket joint-shoulder and hip

Question 21

what is a fibrous capsule?

Answer 21

-keeps content of a synovial joint in place

Question 22

whats a synovial membrane?

Answer 22

-releases synovial fluid into the joint

Question 23

what is synovial fluid?

Answer 23

thick oil like solution that lubricates the joint and allows movement

Question 24

what is cartilage?

Answer 24

flexible connective tissue that protects and prevents friction of bones

Question 25

what is cartilage?

Answer 25

flexible connective tissue that protects and prevents friction of bones

Question 26

what is the bursa?

Answer 26

-a sac filled with synovial fluid -prevents friction between bones, bones and muscles, bones and tendons

Question 27

where is the bursa?

Answer 27

in the joint cavity

Question 28

what does a hinge joint do?

Answer 28

-allow flexion and extension movement in 1 direction

Question 29

example of a hinge joint?

Answer 29

elbow knee

Question 30

what do pivot joints do?

Answer 30

allow rotational movement and consists of cylindrical surface at one end which rotates within a ring like structure made of bone.

Question 31

where to find a pivot joint?

Answer 31

-in the neck between the top 2 vertebrae

Question 32

what is a gliding joint?

Answer 32

-joint that has limited direction movement

Question 33

where to find gliding joint?

Answer 33

-carpels and tarsels

Question 34

what do condyloid joints do?

Answer 34

-allow movement across 2 planes called biaxial: -bend and straighten -side to side

Question 35

examples of condyloid joints?

Answer 35

-wrist -metacarpals -phalanges

Question 36

what does a saddle joint do?

Answer 36

allows joints to move in 3 planes: -forward and back -side to side -across

Question 37

example of a saddle joint?

Answer 37

thumb

Question 38

example of a ball and socket joint?

Answer 38

shoulder and hip

Question 39

what do ball and socket joints do?

Answer 39

allow movement in all directions

Question 40

structure of a hinge joint?

Answer 40

concave surface of one bone fits into the convex surface of another

Question 41

structure of a ball and socket joint?

Answer 41

spherical head of one bone fits into a rounded socket of another bone

Question 42

structure of a pivot joint?

Answer 42

one bone rotates around another bone

Question 43

structure of a condyloid joint?

Answer 43

oval shaped condyle of one bone fits into an elliptic cavity of another bone

Question 44

structure of a saddle joint?

Answer 44

convex and concave surfaces interlock to resemble a saddle

Question 45

structure of a gliding joint?

Answer 45

flat or slightly curved surfaces slide over each other

Question 46

how many types of body planes are there?

Answer 46

3

Question 47

what are the 3 different types of planes of the body?

Answer 47

-sagittal -frontal -transverse

Question 48

what is a plane?

Answer 48

an imaginary flat surface running through the body

Question 49

whats a sagittal plane?

Answer 49

vertical plane that separates the body into left and right sides

Question 50

what movements the sagittal plane include?

Answer 50

-extension -flexion -dorsiflexion -plantarflexion

Question 51

what is the frontal plane separating?

Answer 51

the body into front and back halves

Question 52

what movements does the frontal plane have?

Answer 52

adduction and abduction

Question 53

whats the transverse plane separating?

Answer 53

the body into top and bottom?

Question 54

what movements do the transverse plane include?

Answer 54

-rotation -circumduction -pronation -supination -horizontal flexion(adduction) -horizontal extension(abduction)

Question 55

what movements are permitted at a hinge joint?

Answer 55

-flexion -extension -plantarflexion -dorsiflexion

Question 56

what movements are permitted at a pivot joint?

Answer 56

-rotation

Question 57

what movements are permitted at a gliding joint?

Answer 57

-lateral flexion -unique movements(sliding)

Question 58

what movements are permitted at a condyloid joint?

Answer 58

-flexion -extension -circumduction -adduction -abduction

Question 59

what movements are permitted at a saddle joint?

Answer 59

-flexion -extension -rotation -circumduction -adduction -abduction

Question 60

what movements are permitted at a ball and socket joint?

Answer 60

-flexion -extension -rotation -circumduction -adduction -abduction