Cycles

Question 1

biogeochemical cycle

Answer 1

movement of element/compound between living/non living forms in biosphere

Question 2

nutrient movement

Answer 2

nutrients move from primary/secondary and decomposition and is released

Question 3

decomposition

Answer 3

dead organism is broken down by fungi/bacteria and energy/nutrients is released

Question 4

mineralisation

Answer 4

animals/fungi convert organic molecules to inorganic molecules

Question 5

primary

Answer 5

turn organic to organic, autotrophs

Question 6

secondary

Answer 6

eats autotrophs/primary (heterotrophs) and turns to inorganic, transfers energy

Question 7

how are nutrients lost

Answer 7

groundwater

Question 8

flux

Answer 8

movement of nutrients between pools

Question 9

pool

Answer 9

element in given area

Question 10

hydrological cycle

Answer 10

movement of water globally, important for moving nutrients

Question 11

evapotranspiration

Answer 11

transfer of water/heat by evaporation from plants to atmosphere

Question 12

how nutrients move by hydrological cycle

Answer 12

water evaporates leaving nutrients, water is moved to oceans bringing nutrients

Question 13

residence times

Answer 13

how long water stays in an area

Question 14

climate change/hydrological cycle

Answer 14

more evaporation/more rain, wet gets wetter, less water from evaporation decreases nutrient transfer

Question 15

nitrogen uses

Answer 15

making proteins/needed for life

Question 16

why is nitrogen stable

Answer 16

stable triple bond

Question 17

nitrogen cycle

Answer 17

nitrogen from atmosphere gets fixed by bacteria into ammonia then converts to nitrite then nitrate, now soluble and can be used by others

Question 18

what else can provide nitrogen

Answer 18

lightning/agriculture

Question 19

biological fixation

Answer 19

diazotrophs, nitrogenease (enzyme), nitrogenease adds 3 pairs of hydrogen atoms, it binds nitrogen molecule with 2 hydrogen atoms with ATP which breaks bonds, this happens until ammnonia is formed

Question 20

which area converts more nitrogen

Answer 20

marine

Question 21

how much ATP is needed

Answer 21

16

Question 22

when is fixation needed

Answer 22

in low nitrogen areas

Question 23

nitrogen fertiliser

Answer 23

manure, haber bosch process increases nitrogen for fertiliser

Question 24

phosphorus cycle

Answer 24

needed for growth, limited nutrient as cant add to cycle as no gas form, found in decaying organisms, main source from crust, slow cycle as needs to go through rock cycle

Question 25

phosphorus fertiliser

Answer 25

bird faeces

Question 26

eutrophification

Answer 26

too much nitrogen/phosphorus causes extreme algal growth