CVS session 1 self study

Question 1

give example of end artery and what is it?

Answer 1

Coronary arteries
have very few arterial anastomoses. Therefore a particular branch of a coronary artery will supply a discrete region of the heart with little overlap from other vessels.
> if occluded, no other arteries supplying that area

Question 2

how does the heart compensate decreased blood pressure?

Answer 2

tachycardia

Question 3

why does blood pressure decrease when someone has been stabbed in the heart?

Answer 3

CO low as heart can’t fill properly during diastole

> therefore BP low

Question 4

what causes distended neck veins?

Answer 4

high CVP

e.g. when blood is unable to flow freely into the heart (stab / trauma incident to heart)

Question 5

list causes of pericardial collection or effusion

Answer 5

viral bacterial infection e.g. pericarditis > inc in fluid in pericardial sac

previous MI cause heart wall rupture > blood leaks into pericardial sac (heart wall already weakened from MI)

Question 6

what are the heart sounds in pericarditis?

Answer 6

early stages - friction rub
later stages - apex beat, soft and distant sounds

due to rapid filling the sounds would quickly become distant

Question 7

which muscles are striated?

Answer 7

skeletal and cardiac

Question 8

which muscles multinucleated?

Answer 8

skeletal only

Question 9

which muscles have intercalated disks between cells?

Answer 9

cardiac only