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Pharmacology > CVS - Hypertension > Flashcards

CVS - Hypertension Flashcards

1
Q

Aim of treatment in Hypertension

A

Decrease volume of blood
Decrease hardness of BV

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2
Q

Drugs used in Hypertension

A

Diuretics
Vasodilators
Sympathetic blockers
RAAS Blockers

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3
Q

Diuretics used in Hypertension

A

Thiazides - Diuretics of choice in HTN

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4
Q

Vasodilators used in Hypertension

A

NO
Potassium channel openers
Calcium channel blockers
D1 agonist

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5
Q

Mechanism of action of NO

A

Stimulates guanylate cyclase - increases cGMP levels - Vasodilation

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6
Q

Nitrates used in Hypertensive emergencies

A

Sodium Nitroprusside
Hydralazine

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7
Q

Nitrates used in Hypertensive emergencies

A

Sodium Nitroprusside
Hydralazine

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8
Q

Characteristics of Sodium Nitroprusside

A

Special iv set (microdrip set)
Sensitive to light
Risk of cyanide Poisoning
Not given in pregnancy

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8
Q

Characteristics of Sodium Nitroprusside

A

Special iv set (microdrip set)
Sensitive to light
Risk of cyanide Poisoning
Not given in pregnancy

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9
Q

Characteristics of Hydralazine

A

Safe in pregnancy
Example of SHIP Drugs - metabolized by Acetylation and can result in SLE like reaction

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10
Q

Potassium channel openers used in Hypertension

A

Minoxidil
Diazoxide
Hydralazine - NO + K+ channel openers

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11
Q

Characteristics of Minoxidil

A

Prodrug - Minoxidil sulphate(active metabolite)
Used in treatment of Alopecia
Causes hair growth (Hirsutism) - avoided in young girls

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12
Q

Diazoxide characteristics

A

Decreases insulin
Can cause Hyperglycemia - avoided in diabetics
Used in treatment of Insulinoma

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13
Q

Diazoxide characteristics

A

Decreases insulin
Can cause Hyperglycemia - avoided in diabetics
Used in treatment of Insulinoma

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14
Q

Calcium channel blockers used in Hypertension

A

Verapamil
Diltiazem
DHPs - Amlodipine, Nicardipine

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15
Q

Mechanism of action of CCBs in Hypertension

A

Vasodilation - decreases BP

15
Q

Mechanism of action of CCBs in Hypertension

A

Vasodilation - decreases BP

16
Q

D1 agonist used in Hypertensive emergencies

A

Fenoldopam

17
Q

Sympathetic system blockers drugs includes

A

Ganglion blockers
Sympathetic neuron blockers
Alpha-2 agonist
Alpha and Beta blockers

17
Q

Sympathetic system blockers drugs includes

A

Ganglion blockers
Sympathetic neuron blockers
Alpha-2 agonist
Alpha and Beta blockers

18
Q

Ganglion blockers drugs

A

Nn antagonist
Trimethophan
Hexamethonium
Normally not used in HTN

19
Q

Ganglion blockers drugs

A

Nn antagonist
Trimethophan
Hexamethonium
Normally not used in HTN

20
Q

Sympathetic neuron blockers drug includes

A

Metyrosine
Reserpine (VMAT-2 Inhibitors)
Guanethidine

21
Q

Alpha-2 agonist used in Hypertension

A

Clonidine
Methyldopa
Both are safe in Pregnancy
Side effects - dry mouth and Sedation

21
Q

Alpha-2 agonist used in Hypertension

A

Clonidine
Methyldopa
Both are safe in Pregnancy
Side effects - dry mouth and Sedation

22
Q

RAAS Blockers used in HTN

A

Beta blockers
ACE Inhibitors
ARBs
Aldosterone Antagonist
Renin inhibitors

23
Q

Renin inhibitors drugs includes

A

‘Kiren’
Enalkiren
Remikiren
Aliskiren
Oral, can be used in HTN

23
Q

Renin inhibitors drugs includes

A

‘Kiren’
Enalkiren
Remikiren
Aliskiren
Oral, can be used in HTN

24
Q

Hypertension should be treated when BP is

A

Equal or more than 140/90

24
Q

Hypertension should be treated when BP is

A

Equal or more than 140/90

25
Q

First line antihypertensive drugs

A

Diuretics (Thiazides)
ACE inhibitors/ARBs
CCB

26
Q

First line antihypertensive drugs

A

Diuretics (Thiazides)
ACE inhibitors/ARBs
CCB

27
Q

DOC in Hypertension

A

Thiazides

28
Q

DOC in HTN Emergency

A

Nicardipine

28
Q

DOC in HTN Emergency

A

Nicardipine

29
Q

DOC in in Hypertension in pregnancy and Hypertensive emergencies in Pregnancy

A

Labetalol

30
Q

Drugs used in HTN in pregnancy

A

Better - Beta blockers (Labetalol)
Mother - Methyldopa
Care - Clonidine
During - DHPs
Hypertensive - Hydralazine
Pregnancy - Prazosin (alpha -blockers)

30
Q

Drugs used in HTN in pregnancy

A

Better - Beta blockers (Labetalol)
Mother - Methyldopa
Care - Clonidine
During - DHPs
Hypertensive - Hydralazine
Pregnancy - Prazosin (alpha -blockers)

31
Q

Drugs totally contraindicated in Pregnancy

A

ACE Inhibitors and ARBs

Pharmacology (14 decks)

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