Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Cholinergic System > Flashcards

Cholinergic System Flashcards

1
Q

PNS originates from

A

Craniosacral outflow
Cranial nerves - ii, vii, ix, x
Sacral - S2,3,4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Neurotransmitter in PNS

A

Acetylcholine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Rate limiting step in Ach formation

A

Uptake of Choline into neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Drug that inhibit uptake of choline into neuron

A

Hemicholinum - decrease Ach action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Drugs that inhibit entry of Ach in Vesicle

A

Vesamicol - decrease Ach action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Drug that inhibit release of Ach from neuron

A

Botulinum toxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ach in synapse is metabolized by

A

Acetylcholinesterase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cholinergic receptors are divided into

A

Nicotinic - Nn and Nm
Muscarinic - M1 to M5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Location of Nicotinic receptors

A

Nn - Ganglion
Nm - Neuromuscular junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Location and Function of M1 receptors

A

Stomach - increase Hcl secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Location and function of M2 receptors

A

Heart - decrease Heart rate and conduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Location and function of M3 receptors

A

Bronchus - Bronchoconstriction
Urinary bladder - Contracts detrusor muscle - increase urine outflow
Eye - Miosis (constriction of iris)
GIT - Increases motility - Diarrhea
Glands - increase secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

M3 and M4 receptors are mainly found in

A

Brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cholinergic drugs can be divided into

A

Parasympathomimetics
Parasympatholytics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Parasympathomimetics can be divided into

A

Directly acting
Indirectly acting or Achesterase inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Drugs which are directly acting Parasympathomimetics

A

Acetylcholine
Bethanechol
Methacholine
Carbachol
Pilocarpine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bethanechol is used for treatment of

A

Atonic bladder or urinary retention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Methacholine is used for

A

Myocardium - depress heart
Used in tachycardia or tachyarrythmia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pilocarpine is used in

A

Glaucoma particularly Angle closure glaucoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Carbachol is used in

A

Mixed action
Stimulates both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Cevimeline is new approved drug for

A

Xerostomia (dry mouth) in Sjogren Syndrome

22
Q

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are divided into

A

Reversible
Irreversible

23
Q

Lipid Soluble reversible Achesterase inhibitors includes which drugs

A

Physostigmine
Gallantamine
Donepezil
Rivastigmine

24
Q

Physostigmine can be used in

A

Angle closure glaucoma
DOC in Atropine Poisoning
Can be used in Alzheimer’s disease

25
Q

Drug of choice in Alzheimer’s disease

A

Tacrine - previously DOC
S/E - very short acting and Hepatotoxic

Gallantamine
Donepezil
Rivastigmine
These drugs are preferred now

26
Q

drugs for Alzheimer’s disease

A

AchE inhibitors
NMDA Blockers - Memantine
Aducanumab

27
Q

Water soluble reversible Achesterase inhibitors

A

Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine
Edrophonium

28
Q

Which receptor needs optimal stimulation

A

Nm receptors

29
Q

Drug or test used to differentiate between Myasthenia gravis and cholinergic crisis

A

Edrophonium
Known as Edrophonium test or Tansilon test

30
Q

Drugs used in treatment of Myasthenia gravis

A

Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine

31
Q

In Myasthenia gravis, Neostigmine is given with which drug

A

Neostigmine + Atropine to prevent muscarinic side effects

32
Q

Neostigmine and Pyridostigmine can be used in which conditions

A

Myasthenia gravis
Cobra bite
For Reversal of Neuromuscular blockers after surgery
Post operative paralytic ileus
Post operative urinary retention

33
Q

Irreversible Achesterase inhibitors includes

A

Organophosphates - Malathion, parathion, Sarin
AND
Carbamates - Carbryl, Propoxur

34
Q

Symptoms seen in Organophosphates Posioning

A

Muscle weakness
Deceased HR and BP
Miosis (PIN POINT PUPIL)
Increased secretions
Bronchoconstriction
Urination increases

35
Q

Pin Point pupil can be seen in which Poisoning

A

O - Organophosphates and Carbamates, Opioids
P- Phenol, Pontine hemorrhage

36
Q

Symptoms only seen in OP Poisoning

A

Pin Point pupil + increased secretions combined

37
Q

DOC in Organophosphates Posioning

A

Atropine iv repeated every 5 min until signs of atropinization

38
Q

Signs of Atropinization are

A

Mydriasis - commonly seen
Decreased secretions - most specific and reliable
Tachycardia

38
Q

Which sign of OP Poisoning can’t be reversed by Atropine

A

Muscle weakness

39
Q

Achesterase Reactivators are

A

OXIMES - Pralidoxime (PAM)
Diacetyl Monoxime (DAM)
Only for Organophosphates not Carbamates

39
Q

Drugs which blocks M1 receptor

A

Pirenzepine
Telenzipine - can be used to Peptic ulcer disease

40
Q

Drug which can block all muscarinic receptors

A

Atropine

41
Q

Anticholinergic drugs which blocks M3 receptors on Bronchus

A

Ipratropium
Tiotropium - inhalational form

42
Q

Anticholinergic drugs which blocks M3 receptors on bladder

A

Decreases contraction of bladder - can cause urinary retention
Indicated for overactive bladder/urinary incontinence

Drugs -
Solefenacin
Oxybutynin
Flavoxate, Fesoterodine
Tolterodine, Trospium
Bladder - Darifenacin

43
Q

Which anticholinergic drugs have maximum vasicoselective action

A

Solefenacin
Darifenacin

44
Q

Anticholinergic drugs that inhibit secretion by blocking M3 receptors

A

Glycopyrrolate - reduces secretion during anaesthesia
Atropine

45
Q

Anticholinergic drugs that acts on smooth muscles by blocking M3 receptors

A

Dicyclomine
Hyoscine
Oxybutynin
Propantheline

45
Q

Anticholinergic drugs effect on eye

A

Mydriasis - used in Fundoscopy
Cycloplegia (Paralysis of ciliary muscles) - used in Refraction testing
M3 receptors - Ciliary muscle contraction

45
Q

Anticholinergic drugs used on eye

A

Atropine - longest acting drug on eye
Homatropine
Cyclopentolate
Tropicamide - shortest acting cycloplegic drug

46
Q

Anticholinergic drugs used for Motion sickness

A

Hyoscine (Scopolamine)

47
Q

Drug of choice for Belladona and Dhatura Poisoning

A

Physostigmine

Pharmacology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions