CVS - Dyslipidemia

Question 1

Statins acts by blocking which enzyme

Answer 1

HMG CoA Reductase enzymes

Question 2

Statins examples

Answer 2

Simvastatin
Lovastatin
Pravastatin
Cerivastatin
Atorvastatin
Rosuvastatin

Question 3

Long acting Statins

Answer 3

Atorvastatin
Rosuvastatin - longest

Question 4

Statins are usually given at which time

Answer 4

Usually at night because HMG CoA Reductase enzyme highly active at night.
Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin - Can be given anytime

Question 4

Which statins are Prodrugs and have max. Entry in CNS

Answer 4

Simvastatin
Lovastatin

Question 4

All statins are metabolized by

Answer 4

CYP3A4 Except Pravastatin

Question 4

Side effects of Statins

Answer 4

1) Can cause Myopathy a) by interacting with CYP3A4 inhibitors (Erythromycin, Ketoconazole)
b) If given in combination with Fibrates
2) Hepatotoxicity
3) increases risk of DM

Question 4

Example of Intestinal Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors

Answer 4

Ezetimibe

Question 5

Mechanism of action of Fibrates

Answer 5

Stimulates PPAR- Alpha - Lipoprotein lipase A synthesis increases - Decrease triglycerides levels

Question 6

Which group of Antilipidemic drugs have maximum Triglycerides lowering potential

Answer 6

Fibrates

Question 7

Fibrates include which drugs

Answer 7

Clofibrate
Fenofibrate
Bezafibrate
Gemfibrozil

Question 8

Side effect of Fibrates

Answer 8

Risk of Myopathy

Question 9

Functions of Niacin (Vitamin B3)

Answer 9

Max HDL increasing protein
Only drug that decrease Lipoprotein A

Question 10

Side effects of Niacin (Vitamin B3)

Answer 10

Itching
Flushing
Hyperuricemia
Insulin resistance
Hepatotoxicity rarely

Question 11

Drugs used to prevent Flushing caused by Niacin

Answer 11

Niacin helps in secretions of PGD2 -
Aspirin
Laropiprant - Orally (PGD2 antagonist)

Question 12

Bile acid binding agents (BABA) drugs include

Answer 12

Cholestyramine
Colestipol
Cholesevalam

Question 13

Mechanism of action of BABA drugs

Answer 13

BABA binds on bile acids and let passes them in feces - decrease in bile acids
And bile acids are produced from cholesterol - Cholesterol will be used to produce bile acids - so there will be decrease of Cholesterol in blood

Question 14

DOC in childrens and in pregnancy for Hyperlipidemia

Answer 14

BABA drugs

Question 15

BABA drugs can cause

Answer 15

Hypertriglycridemia -
Contraindicated in Pancreatitis

Question 16

MTP means

Answer 16

Microsomal triglyceride transporter protein - helps in transportation of lipids across membranes

Question 16

MTP Inhibitor drug

Answer 16

Lomitapide

Question 17

PCSK-9 full form and function

Answer 17

Proprotein Convertase Substilisin Kexin type-9)
Helps in metabolism of LDL receptors

Question 18

PCSK-9 Inhibitors includes

Answer 18

Drugs that decrease formation - Inclisiran (Small mol. Inhibitor-RNA)
Monlocloanal Ab - Alirocumab, Evolocumab - high affinity for decrease in LDL- Cholesterol

Question 19

PCSK-9 Inhibitors are commonly used in

Answer 19

Homozygous hypercholesterolemia

Question 20

Oligonucleotide drug against Apo B hydrate used in Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

Answer 20

Mipomersen

Question 20

CETP Inhibitor used in Hyperlipidemia

Answer 20

Anacetrapib - increase HDL cholesterol

Question 21

Evinacumab is monoclonal antibody recently approved for

Answer 21

Homozygous Familial hypercholesterolemia

Question 22

Drugs that can be used in Familial Homozygous hypercholesterolemia

Answer 22

Evinacumab PCSK-9 Inhibitors - Alirocumab, Evolocumab Oligonucleotide against ApoB - Mepomersen