CVICU Flashcards
The intra-aortic balloon pump:
a) Inflates during diastole, resulting in afterload reduction
b) Inflates during diastole, resulting in increased myocardial perfusion
c) Deflates during diastole, resulting in afterload reduction
d) Deflates during diastole, resulting in increased myocardial perfusion
b) Inflates during diastole, resulting in increased myocardial perfusion
A 36 year-old male presents to ER with palpitations and lightheadedness. He denies chest pain and his blood pressure is 123/72 mmHg. The following rhythm is on the monitor.
What is the correct first action?
a) Cardiovert at 50 J
b) Cardiovert at 100J
c) Have the patient perform vagal maneuvers
d) Administer 6 mg Adenosine, rapid IV push
e) Administer 150 mg Amiodarone over 10 min
c) Have the patient perform vagal maneuvers
Which of the following is a clinical indicator of ventricular afterload?
LVEDP
CVP
PCWP
MAP
MAP
Synchronized electrcardioversion attempts to deliver the energy during which phase of the electrocardiogram?
P wave
R wave
T wave
Any of the above
R wave
Stroke volume is determined by which of the following factors?
I. Preload
II. Afterload
III. Contractility
IV. Conduction rate
i, II, III
Which of the following parameters gives an indication of the contractility of the heart?
Cardiac output
Ejection fraction
Systemic vascular resistance
Mean arterial blood pressure
Ejection fraction
Which of the following drugs has all these properties: is a positive inotrope, a positive chronotrope and an α1
adrenergic agent?
Vasopressin
Milrinone
Norepinephrine
Isoproterenol
Norepinephrine
Which of the following mechanisms compensates for heart failure?
I. Improved contractility
II. Vasoconstriction
III. Fluid retention
IV. Vasodilation
I, II, III
Your patient presents to ER short of breath with audible coarse crackles and complaining of chest pain. The patient is pale and cool and has BP 80/50 mmHg. The rhythm on the biphasic monitor is as follows:
Perform synchronized cardioversion 100 J
An anti-arrhythmic drug that works by blocking calcium channels is:
Adenosine
Propanolol
Cardizem
Procainamide
Diprivan
Cardizem
Second degree (Type II) block
Which of the following factors is the most important in controlling cardiac output in healthy people?
Pumping ability
Heart rate
Conduction rate
Venous return
Venous return
Cardiac tamponade may exhibit which of the following signs and symptoms:
a) Pulsus paradoxus
b) Bounding pulses
c) Muffled heart sounds
d) All of the above
e) a) and c) only
a) and c) only
Normal sinus rhythm with first degree heart block
Supraventricular tachycardia
A myocardial infarction is most commonly caused by:
Ruptured atherosclerotic plaque
Coronary artery vasospasm
Embolism to coronary artery
Increased myocardial demand
Profound hypotension
Ruptured atherosclerotic plaque
Atrial fibrillation
In a normal, healthy heart the major factor in determining stroke volume is:
Preload
Afterload
Contractility
Heart rate
Preload
Which of the following is a branch of the right coronary artery?
Anterior interventricular branch
Circumflex branch
Coronary sinus
Left anterior descending artery
Posterior interventricular branch
Posterior interventricular branch
Your patient requires a dose of adenosine for confirmed supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). His only line is a peripheral intravenous line in the right arm. How should you proceed?
a) Slowly administer the dose over 30 seconds.
b) Administer the dose quickly, and then immediately follow with a saline flush.
c) Hold the patient’s right arm in an upright position while administering the dose.
d) Both b) and c).
Both b) and c).
Which of the following drugs have both inotropic and vasodilatory properties?
Milrinone
Vasopressin
Epinephrine
High dose Dopamine
Milrinone
A patient is in refractory ventricular fibrillation. High-quality CPR is in progress and one dose of epinephrine was given after the second shock. An anti-arrhythmic was given following the third shock. Which of the following drug/dose should be administered next?
Epinephrine 1 mg
Epinephrine 3 mg
Amiodarone 150 mg
Magnesium 1 g
Epinephrine 1 mg
Which of the following are the major vascular factors that determine venous return and cardiac output?
I. Right atrial pressure
II. Mean filling pressure of the systemic circulation
III. Vascular resistance to blood flow between the peripheral vessels and the right atrium
IV. Aortic pressure
I, II, III
Which of the following anti-arrhythmic drugs can be used for both narrow complex and wide complex tachyarrhythmias?
Verapamil
Metoprolol
Atropine
Amiodarone
Amiodarone
