CV Infectious Disease

Question 1

What tests would you run if you suspected Rheumatic Heart Disease?

Answer 1

Blood test

Throat culture

Echo Chest

x-ray

EKG

Question 2

Viruses known to cause Myocarditis

Answer 2

Coxsackievirus B

Adenovirus

Question 2

Which bacteria are beta hemolytic?

Alpha hemolytic?

Answer 2

Strep pyogenes

Staph aureus and strep viridans

Question 2

If a patient comes in with petichea, splinter hemorrages, fatigue, roth’s spots and a high fever what would you suspect?

Answer 2

Acute endocarditis

Question 3

What are the symptoms of Myocarditis?

Pericarditis

Answer 3

Chest pain and abnormal heart rhythum

Chest pain only

Question 4

1 treatment for illness caused by Rickesttsi ricketsii

Answer 4

Doxycyclin

Question 4

What is the route of transmission for the viruses that cause pericarditis?

Name them

Answer 4

Fecal-oral Coxsackie A and B, Echo virus

(Influenza - resp. droplets)

Question 5

Name symptom(s) that distinguishes acute and sub-acute endocarditis

Answer 5

Fever over 105 , distal sepsis, fast progression(acute) Splenamegoly, indolent (subacute)

Question 6

Describe symptoms of Rheumatic Heart Disease. When does it occur?

Answer 6

Circular rash with lumps mitral stenosis pain and swelling of large joints fever, weakness, myalgia SOB chest pain n/v Usually occurs 2-4 weeks after an untreated strep throat

Question 7

Name the 5 minor diagnostic criteria for endocarditis

Answer 7

1. predisposition
2. fever over 100.3
3. vascular problems (Janeway lesions)
4. immune signs (Roth spot’s, rhematoid factor, Osler’s nodes)
5. 1 (+) blood culture

Question 7

How would you treat Rheumatic Heart Disease

Answer 7

Penicillin, ASA, steroids, rest

Question 8

Most common cause of endocarditis in IV drug users

Answer 8

Staph Aureus

Question 9

When treating endocarditis when would you not use bacitracin

Answer 9

Strep viridans (mutans)

Question 11

Name the 2 major diagnostic criteria for endocarditis

Answer 11

1. 2 or more (+) blood cultures
2. Endocardial sign like valve regurgation or (+) echo

Question 13

Name the 3 most common bacterial causes of endocarditis

Answer 13

Staph aureas

Strep Viridans (mutans)

Enterococcus

Question 14

When treating endocarditis when would penicillin be contraindicated?

Answer 14

Causative agent - Enterococcus

Question 15

Which bacteria are catalase (-)?

Answer 15

Strep mutans

Strep pyogenes

Question 16

What pathogens cause Myocarditis

Answer 16

Coxsackievirus B

adenovirus (kids)

Question 17

What organisms can cause subacute endocarditis?

Answer 17

Strep viridans

Enterococcus

Question 18

Staph aureus and strep pyogenes are more likely to cause this type of endocarditis?

Answer 18

Acute Endocarditis

Question 20

What is the most likely causative agent for a patient with endocarditits and a pre-existing mitral valve problem?

Answer 20

Strep. mutans

Question 22

Describe how a patient develops Rheumatic Heart Disease

Answer 22

Untreated strep pyogenes pharyngitis leads to autoantibodies to meromycin resulting in heart and mitral valve damage

Question 23

Name some drugs used to treat endocarditis

Answer 23

(All bactericidal peptiodoglycan inhibitors)

Penicillin G

Ceftriaxone

Vanco

Gentimycin

Ampillicin

Cefazoline

Question 24

Name some virulence factors of staph aureus

Answer 24

biofilm

coagluase (+)

catalase (+)

capsule adhesion

MRSA

pathogenicity islands

Protein A

alpha hemolysins

Question 25

A patient presents with fever, headache, and a rash originating on hand feets and now spread to chest. What do you supsect?

Answer 25

RMSF