Cardiac Development (normal) Flashcards
what embryologic feature results in septation, creation of the aortic arches, and sensory and motor innervation to the developing heart?
neural crest cells (ectoderm)
Why can pain from an acute MI be referred to the neck and chest wall?
the neural crest cells come from the cervical and thoracic regions (neck= cervical sensory fibers)
What are the three embryologic venous systems and whatdo they do?
vitelline veins (portal system to drain GI), umbilical veins (drain placenta), cardinal veins ( caval system=SVC, IVC)
What are the 5 parts of the early “heart tube”?
sinus venosus primitive atrium primitive ventrical bulbus cordis truncus areriosus
Which way does the developing “heart tube” twist?
to the right (after fusion of both “tubes”)
What is the condition in which the developing heart “tube” twists to the left instead of to the right?
dextrocardia- heart and vessels reversed
Describe situs inversus and how it is different from dextrocardia
when there is dextrocardia (reversal of the heart) accompanied by reversal of the viscera
What is the role of the endocardial cushions?
divide AV canal into L and R channels, help form AV valves, help form membranous part of interventricular septum, help close primary atrial septum
Where do the endocardial cushions originate from?
the anterior and posterior wall of the heart “tube”
Name some defects associated with abnormal endocardial cushion development
mitral and tricuspid atresia, persistent atrioventricular canal, ASD and VSD, AV canal defect
What is the primary foramen?
the opening between the primary septum and endocardial cushions
What remains of the primary septum after birth?
the valve of the foramen ovale
What two embryonic tissues/structures make up the aorticopulmonary septum?
bulbar and truncal ridges (made of neural crest mesenchyme)
the bulbus cordis and truncus arteriosus ultimately become what structures?
bulbus cordis- conus arteriosus/infundibulum of RV and LV
truncus arteriosus-ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk
What do the 4th and 6th aortic arches become?
L 4th= aortic arch, R 4th = R subclavian, L6th= L PA, and ductus arteriosus/ligamentum arteriosum, R 6th= R PA and part degenerates
