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NRCE > Customs: Roman Military > Flashcards

Customs: Roman Military Flashcards

1
Q

pedites

A

foot soldiers/infantry

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2
Q

How many men were in a legion before Caesar?
After Caesar?

A

Before Caesar: 6000
After Caesar: 3600

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3
Q

How many cohorts in a legion?

A

10

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4
Q

How many maniples in a cohort?

A

3 (so 30 maniples in a legion)

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5
Q

How many centuries in a maniple?

A

2 (so 60 centuries in a legion)

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6
Q

How many men were in a century before Caesar?
After Caesar?

A

Before Caesar: 100
After Caesar: 60

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7
Q

funditores

A

slingers

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8
Q

sagittarii

A

archers

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9
Q

equites

A

cavalrymen

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10
Q

mercatores

A

merchants

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11
Q

fabri

A

engineers/mechanics

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12
Q

exploratores

A

scouts

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13
Q

speculatores

A

spies

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14
Q

dux

A

commanding officer/general

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15
Q

After a dux earned his first important victory, what title did he earn?

A

imperator

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16
Q

sagum

A

woolen cloak

17
Q

caligae

A

hobnailed leather boots worn by soldiers

18
Q

lorica

A

breastplate

19
Q

galea

A

helmet

20
Q

scutum

A

curved, rectangular shield

21
Q

pilum

A

throwing spear

22
Q

gladius

A

sword

23
Q

aquila (military)

A

the eagle statue standard of the legion

24
Q

signum

A

standard of a cohort or maniple

25
Q

vexillum

A

flag

26
Q

tuba

A

trumpet

27
Q

sarcina

A

a soldier’s personal knapsack

28
Q

What is the difference between an impeditus miles and an expeditus miles?

A

impeditus - when a soldier wears sarcina (personal knapsack)
expeditus - when a soldier does not wear his sarcina

29
Q

tesserae (military)

A

military passwords to get into the camp

30
Q

aries

A

battering ram

31
Q

testudo

A

battle formation with shields held overhead

32
Q

ballista

A

machine for hurling heavy stones and blocks of wood

33
Q

catapulta

A

machine for hurling large arrows and javelins

34
Q

scorpio

A

light catapult for hurling stones and darts (similar to an onager)

35
Q

What is the difference between a navis longa and a navis oneraria?

A

navis longa - battleship
navis oneraria - transport ship

NRCE (30 decks)

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