Cum Clauses Flashcards

1
Q

Verbs of such cum clauses

A

Most often in the subjunctive, they follow sequence of tenses after main verb

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2
Q

Cum used as a subordinating conjunction means

A

“When, since, although”

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3
Q

temporal “cum” clause and

A

the “cum” clause refers strictly to time and its action is coordinated with that of the main verb
“cum” is translated as “when” (“at the very time”)

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4
Q

Circumstantial “cum” clause

A

the “cum” clause states the circumstances in which the action of the main verb takes place
“cum” is translated “when” (“under the circumstances of”)

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5
Q

Tenses of Circumstantial “cum” clause

A

present/future time= indicative is used

past time = subjunctive is used

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6
Q

cum to videbo, felix eram

A

(at the very time) when I see you, I shall be happy

temporal

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7
Q

Cum to videbo, felix ero

A

Under the circumstances of my seeing you, I shall be happy
when I see you, I shall be happy

(circumstantial)

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8
Q

When I saw you, I was happy

A

Cum to viderem, felix eram

circumstantial

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9
Q

Causal “cum” clause

A

“cum” is translated as “since” or “because”

verb is always in the subjunctive

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10
Q

Since I had seen you, I was happy

A

Cum to vidissem, felix eram

causal

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11
Q

Concessive “cum” clauses

A

cum translates as “although”

“tamen”(nevertheless) may alert a concessive “cum”

verbs always in the subjunctive

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12
Q

Although I see you, I am happy

A

Cum to videam, felix sum

concessive

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13
Q
Tenses for the verbs in primary and secondary sequence
temporal
circumstantial 
causal
concessive
A

1) indicative 2) indicative
1) indicative 2) subjunctive
1) subjunctive 2) subjunctive
1) subjunctive 2) subjunctive

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14
Q

Coniuge veniente, femina discedet

with “cum”: When her husband comes, the woman will depart

A

Cum coniunx veniet, femina discedet

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15
Q

Coniuge veniente, femina discedet

with “cum”: since/although her husband is coming, the woman will depart

A

cum coniunx veniat, femina discedet

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16
Q

Coniuge viso, femina discessit —>

Cum coniugem vidisset, femina discessit

A

When/after/since/although she saw (had seen) her husbands, the woman departed

17
Q

other words that can be used to introduce temporal clauses

A
ut
ubi
postquam
quando
\+indicative 

=”when”

18
Q

other words that can be used to introduce causal clauses

A

quoniam, quando + indiactive (Almost always)
quod, quia + indicative/subjucntive

=”since”

19
Q

other words that can be used to introduce concessive clauses

A

quamquam, etsi + indicative
quamvis + subjunctive

=”although”