Culture and Tribes of Nursing, Hospitals, and the Medical Culture

Question 1

Refers to the learned and transmitted lifeways, values, symbols, patterns, and normative practices of members of the nursing profession of a particular society.

Answer 1

Cultures of nursing

Question 2

Refers to a subgroup of nurses who show distinctive values and lifeways that differ from the dominant or mainstream culture of nursing.

Answer 2

Subculture of nursing

Question 3

Refers to what actually exists and is identifiable in the day-to-day world such as patterns, values, lifestyle patterns and expressions.

Answer 3

Manifest culture

Question 4

The American Culture of Nursing: Early (1940-1974) and Recent (1975-2000) Eras

Answer 4

1. Authority Relationships and Female Rights
2. Political Power and Politics
3. Competition and the Culture of Nursing

Question 5

Identify whether Early Era or Recent Era of American Nursing Culture.

1. Self-practices of clients to alleviate mainly psychophysical stresses with “symptom management”
2. Other-care practices based on altruism, self-sacrifice and vocation calling with professional responsibilities
3. Caring for patients with interpersonal skills and commitment.
4. Modern, high-equipment, a lot of materials and supplies (very limited improvisation)
5. Limited material supplies and equipment (improvisation to give care)
6. Independence and some autonomy of nurses for primary care, but less with managed care.
7. Interdependence among nurses for comprehensive total care.
8. Professional dedication to work (overworked, underpaid, worked long hours) and “was responsible”
9. Self-gains and interests with better pay, shorter hours and financial gains for professional and personal gains.
10. Serving clients by relying mainly on high-tech skills and efficiency modes.

Answer 5

1. Recent
2. Early
3. Early
4. Recent
5. Early
6. Recent
7. Early
8. Early
9. Recent
10. Recent

Question 6

Identify whether Early Era or Recent Era of American Nursing Culture.

1. Deferent and compliant to authority except for strong nursing leaders.
2. Politically passive, but strong leaders used diverse management strategies.
3. Male dominance and patriarchal systems (nurses as handmaidens to physicians)
4. Competition with authority and limited deference and compliance.
5. Politically active with open and direct confrontations and “female empowerment”
6. Limited competition among nurses (get along and work together), males and females
7. Pursuit of equal sex rights with rise in feminism and women’s issues and rights.
8. Increased in nurse competition with female status seekers, assertiveness and jealousy
9. Relationship ties tested over time
10. Innovative leadership ideas with practice breakthroughs and limited grant funds.
11. Recognition of a few highly respected and true scholars.
12. Recognition of mainly sociopolitcal leaders, self-promoting goals, and pseudo-scholars evident.
13. “Bandwagon” leadership patterns in competing for grants and awards.

Answer 6

1. Early
2. Early
3. Early
4. Recent
5. Recent
6. Early
7. Recent
8. Recent
9. Early
10. Early
11. Early
12. Recent
13. Recent

Question 7

__________ nurses act independently and speaks frankly about outsiders

Answer 7

Australian

Question 8

_____nurses seem to feel confident about “what is best, or right” about certain issues

Answer 8

Australian

Question 9

They are comfortable speaking out, confronting, and challenging other nurse leaders and generally in a frank and direct manner.

Answer 9

Australian nurses

Question 10

They know how to “cut off the stem of the tall and wild poppy” to symbolically curtail the growth of a leader or a “wild nurse”

Answer 10

Australian nurses

Question 11

True or False

In British nursing, ethnocentrism is not really evident.

Answer 11

False

British nursing ethnocentrism is evident which has made some nurses reluctant to learn about other nurses in the world who have made contributions to nursing equal or sometimes greater than Nightingale, but unrecognized.

Question 12

_________ nurses are proud of their own nurse leaders and praise their work.

Answer 12

British

Question 13

They highly value their historical legacy, there are signs to maintain the status quo in nursing and not change except for urgent or imperative changes mandated by a few top leaders or the government.

Answer 13

British nurses

Question 14

Maintaining order, normative standards, and preserving the past are valued and important in the _________ nursing culture.

Answer 14

British

Question 15

True or False

British nurses value controversy and intellectual arguments.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

_________ nurses have head strong nursing leaders who have served well their profession and country.

Answer 16

Canadian

Question 17

_______ nurses have become more intensely interested in helping with nursing care practices in West Africa, South America, China, and other places in the world.

Answer 17

Canadian

Question 18

True or False

Canadian nurse leaders have been struggling with provincial legislation in the efforts to move Master’s and Doctoral nursing programs forward.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

True or False

Canadian nurses are provided for and maintained by the provincial governments by giving funds for their self-regulating professional growth/

Answer 19

False

Canadian nurses have also struggled with the provincial government to get funds and to maintain their self-regulatory professional growth.

Question 20

_________ nurses need to provide health care to many transcultural population groups and need leadership and financial resources to support such work.

Answer 20

Canadian

Question 21

_________ and _______ hospitals are cultures that become known to the public for what they value and believe and how they contribute to society.

Answer 21

Urban and rural hospitals

Question 22

__________ and ____________ have become large cultural organizations that tend to function like business and corporate industrial bureaucracies.

Answer 22

Urban hospitals and health science centers

Question 23

True or False

Clients from foreign cultures who have never been in the hospital are often confused and feel uncertain about nurses and their roles because there are many different kinds of nurses and nonprofessional aides.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

True or False

Foreign patients or clients in America are knowledgeable to paperwork needed and able to navigate the American hospital service.

Answer 24

False

Clients from foreign cultures are confused about entering and leaving the hospital because of all the paperwork.

Question 25

True or False

Culture shock, cultural problems, and legal suits cannot be anticipated unless hospitals, communities, and other health services are transformed into multicultural and work closely with people with diverse cultures.

Answer 25

False

Culture shock, cultural problems, and legal suits CAN be anticipated unless hospitals, communities, and other health services are transformed into multicultural and work closely with people with diverse cultures.

Question 26

______________ are afraid to come to the hospital unless absolutely necessary and believe that it is difficult to get well and stay well in a hospital context.

Answer 26

Greek Americans

Question 27

True or False

African Americans and OId Order Amish have experienced fear of coming to the hospital because of the fear of surgery or taking powerful medications.

Answer 27

False

African Americans and Mexican Americans

Question 28

True or False

Old Order Amish and Japanese women greatly feared high-tech equipment such as fear of the use of ultrasound and CAT scans.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

True or False

Arab Muslim women fear being in hospitals if they are cared for by male nurses and physicians, fear being left in the room with males, fear they will not get the right focus to eat and their cultural food taboos will be neglected, which could lead to sickness and death while in the hospital.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

True or False

Korean clients fear that their “good family blood” will be taken from them and given to non-Korean people

Answer 30

True