Cultural Influences on Breast-Feeding and Weaning Practices - Intimate Partner Violence

Question 1

____________ recommend children worldwide be breast-fed exclusively for the first 6 months of life followed by the addition of nutritional foods, as they continue to breast-feed for up to 2 years, with no defined upper limit on the duration.

Answer 1

World Health Organization and UNICEF (2010)

Question 2

Among those who weaned, problems, such as perceptions of _____________, ___________, ______________, __________, ______, and ________ led to weaning.

Answer 2

insufficient milk supply, nipple/breast pain, time demands of school or work, problems with pumping, embarrassment, lack of support, and feeling overwhelmed and frustrated

Question 3

True or False

Breast-feeding among indigenous populations (e.g., Aboriginal/Alaska Native and American Indian women) declined with the advent of infant formula availability

Answer 3

True

Question 4

True or False

In the Kanesatake project, a respected elder volunteered to promote breast-feeding in her community.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Royal blood or upper class used ______ women who had recently had a baby themselves and breast-fed other women’s babies.

Answer 5

wet nurses

Question 6

has emerged as one of the most significant health care threats for women and their unborn children.

Answer 6

Domestic violence

Question 7

A study by Shadigian and Bauer (2005) identified ______ as a leading cause of pregnancy-associated death and suicide also as an important cause of death among pregnant and recently pregnant women.

Answer 7

homicide

Question 8

Health care providers must acknowledge and understand that homicide is a leading cause of pregnancy-associated death and commonly is a result of ________________.

Answer 8

intimate partner violence (IPV).

Question 9

Screening for both _________ and __________ is an essential component of comprehensive health and nursing care for women during and after pregnancy.

Answer 9

partner violence and suicidal ideation

Question 10

It has been well documented (Bewley & Gibbs, 1994) that physical abuse during pregnancy is often focused on the __________, ________, and/or ________, which puts both the mother and her unborn child at risk.

Answer 10

abdomen, breasts, and/or genitals,

Question 11

True or False

Information regarding women in abusive situations is scarce, partly because of underreporting.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

True or False

Abused women are less likely to seek healthcare because their abuser limits access to resources and that battering occurs more frequently during pregnancy.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

It is estimated by the CDC (2009) that _________ pregnant women are victims of IPV each year.

Answer 13

324, 000

Question 14

True or False

The legacy of matriarchy, which is still deeply embedded in our culture, undoubtedly contributes to violence against women as do other factors, especially alcohol and drug abuse.

Answer 14

False

The legacy of patriarchy, which is still deeply embedded in our culture, undoubtedly contributes to violence against women as do other factors, especially alcohol and drug abuse.

Question 15

Kita, Yaeko, and Porter’s (2014) study of intimate partner violence (IPV) in Japan reported risk factors associated with IPV during pregnancy, which included

Answer 15

pregnant women over 30 years old, multiparous, previous abortion experience, and having a male partner under 30 years old.

Question 16

Three cultural groups of women who may experience IPV during pregnancy

Answer 16

Hispanic Pregnant Women
African American Pregnant Women
American Indian Pregnant Women

Question 17

True or False

Findings indicated that Hispanic women who are no longer romantically involved with their children’s fathers were likely to experience IPV during pregnancy.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

True or False

Good assessment skills are crucial, because the first sign of abuse might not be an admission of abuse but physical findings of trauma.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Poor economic conditions might be a primary reason why violence occurs in _________ families; domestic violence is often related to social and economic resources.

Answer 19

African American

Question 20

True or False

One of the most difficult barriers confronting African American abused women who attempt to get help from police or from the legal system is the stereotypical view that violence among African Americans is normal. This view could cause African American victims’ claims of abuse to be dismissed or ignored.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

The abused pregnant African American woman might not be willing to incriminate her spouse or significant other because she already sees him as a

Answer 21

victim of society

Question 22

True or False

Patient education must stress that although a woman may see her man as a “victim,” that does not mean she must tolerate abuse.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

True or False

The nurse must realize that in most instances, African American women believe that it is the responsibility of the man to maintain the family, regardless of other factors. Therefore, African American women may be more likely to stay in an abusive relationship.

Answer 23

False

The nurse must realize that in most instances, African American women believe that it is the responsibility of the woman to maintain the family, regardless of other factors. Therefore, African American women may be more likely to stay in an abusive relationship.

Question 24

______ within families has not always been part of American Indian society.

Answer 24

Violence

Question 25

• Traditionally, American Indian cultures were based on

Answer 25

harmony and respect.

Question 26

Concepts of spiritually

Answer 26

balance, harmony, oneness

Question 27

Passive forbearancePassive forbearance

Answer 27

humility, respect, circularity, connection, honor

Question 28

Problems that have fostered violence in American Indian cultures

Answer 28

Cultural disintegration, poverty, isolation, racism, and alcoholism

Question 29

Cruelty to women and children continues to be viewed by American Indians as a

Answer 29

social disgrace

Question 30

It is common for American Indians to use ______ when they are dealing with stress, especially health-related stress, and they view someone with whom they can laugh as easy to talk to.

Answer 30

Humor

Question 31

True or False

When getting pt health history in Indian American women, the nurse should also learn to become comfortable with periods of silence after questions.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

True or False

Abuse within American Indian culture is traditionally handled within the family first.

Answer 32

True