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CID > Criminal Investigations 9th Ed - Ch 8 - Death Investigations > Flashcards

Criminal Investigations 9th Ed - Ch 8 - Death Investigations Flashcards

1
Q

There are FOUR types of death:

A

o Natural
o Accidental
o Suicide
o Homicide (noncriminal or criminal)

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2
Q

________ is the consideration, planning, or preparing for an act, no matter how briefly, before committing it

A

Premeditation

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3
Q

_______ by police is when an individual wishing to commit suicide purposely forces an officer to shoot him or her

A

Suicide

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4
Q

The _____ ______ at a scene is to give emergency aid to the victim or others at the scene

A

first priority

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5
Q

Once the priority matters are taken care of, the investigator should identify the victim, establish the time of death, and establish the cause of an the method used to produce death, and develop a ______

A

suspect

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6
Q

• A _______ _______ is a condition that occurs in the specific muscle groups rather than the entire body

A

cadaveric spasmc

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7
Q

• An indicator of a suicide use a knife is ________ _________

A

hesitation wounds

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8
Q

• Serial murder is the separate killing of at least ____ victims

A

3 victims

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9
Q

• A dead body that sinks in the water usually remains immersed for ____ days in warm water and ____ weeks in cold water

A

8-10 days

2-3 weeks

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10
Q

The appearance of the eyes also assists in estimating the time of death. A partial restriction of the pupil occurs in ________.

A

7 hours.

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11
Q

A basic requirement in a ______ investigation is to establish whether death was caused by a criminal act

A

homicide

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12
Q

______ degree murder requires premeditation and the intent to cause death

A

First

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13
Q

______ deaths are those deaths whose cause is open to interpretation

A

Equivocal

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14
Q

Most cases of hanging are suicide whereas most cases of ________ are murder

A

strangulation

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15
Q

A ________ murder occurs when multiple victims are killed in a single incident by one or a few suspects

A

mass

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16
Q

A _____ murder is a sex related homicide involving sadistic, deviant assault

A

lust

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17
Q

______ offer valuable clues as to the time a body was left or buried

A

Insects

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18
Q

All murders are ___________ but NOT all _______ are murders

A

homicides

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19
Q

• A basic requirement in a homicide investigation is to establish whether death was caused by a ________ action.

A

criminal

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20
Q

Although suicide is not a criminal offense, in most states it is a crime to _____ to commit suicide

A

attempt

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21
Q

If another individual is the direct or indirect cause of the death, the death is classified as __________

A

homicide

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22
Q

Criminal homicide is subdivided into _________ and _____________ both of which are further subdivided

A

murder and manslaughter,

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23
Q

_________ homicide is subdivided into excusable and justifiable homicide

A

Noncriminal

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24
Q

_______ is the most severe statutory crime, one of the few for which the penalty can be life imprisonment or death

A

Murder

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25
Q

• There were 17,034 _________ in the United States in 2006, an increase of 1.8% from 2005

A

homicides

26
Q

Males are ___ times more likely to commit murder than females

A

10

27
Q

First Degree Murder …..

A

• First degree murder requires premeditation and the intent to cause death

28
Q

Second Degree Murder ……

A

• Second degree murder includes the intent to cause death, but not premeditation

29
Q

Third Degree Murder…..

A

• Third degree murder involves neither premeditation nor intent.

30
Q

• Manslaughter is ……

A

• Manslaughter is the unlawful killing of another person with no prior malice

31
Q

Voluntary manslaughter is

A

Voluntary manslaughter is the intentional cause of the death of another person in the heat of passion

32
Q

• Involuntary manslaughter is …..

A

• Involuntary manslaughter is the accidental homicide that results from extreme negligence

33
Q

o REMEMBER in Texas, there is:

A

 Murder
 Capital Murder
 Manslaughter
 Criminally Negligent Homicide

34
Q

• Excusable homicide is ……

A

• Excusable homicide is the unintentional, truly accidental killing of another person

35
Q

• Justifiable homicide is …..

A

• Justifiable homicide is killing another person under authorization of the law

36
Q

______ ______ refers to the postmortem cooling process of the body

A

• Algor mortis

37
Q

Body temperature drops 2-3 degrees in the first hour after _____ and 1-1.5 degrees for each subsequent hour until 18 hours.

A

DEATH

38
Q

• Body temperature drops more slowly:

A

o In large or obese people
o If victim was experiencing a high fever before death
o If humidity prevents evaporation
o If strenuous physical activity occurred immediately before death

39
Q

_____ ______is a stiffening of the joints of the body after death because of partial skeletal muscle contraction

A

Rigor Mortis

40
Q

_____ ____ may occur anywhere from 10 minutes to several hours postmortem

A

Rigor Mortis

41
Q

High temperature, excitement, vigorous activity increase the rapidity of ______

A

Rigor

42
Q

• Cold temperatures slow the rate of _______

A

Rigor

43
Q

• Babies and the aged have little ______

A

Rigor

44
Q

A body can remain rigid for approximately __ days, although rigor generally begins to diminish after __ hours post mortem

A

3 days or 36 hours

45
Q

_______ ______ is a condition that occurs in specific muscle groups rather than the entire body. It occurs most often when the victim is holding something at the time of death

A

Cadaveric spasm

46
Q

is the dark blue or purple discoloration of the body

A

Postmortem lividity (aka livor morits)

47
Q

Postmortem _______ starts ½ to 3 hours after death and is congealed in the capillaries in 4-5 hours. Maximum ______ occurs within 10-12 hours

A

Lividity

48
Q

The location of ______ can indicate whether a body was moved after death

A

lividity

o EXAMPLE: If postmortem lividity appears on the back of a victim and the victim if found face down, it is a high likelihood that he has been moved

49
Q

The partial restriction of the _____ occurs in about 7 hours after death. In 12 hours the ______ appears cloudy

A

pupil

cornea

50
Q

If the small intestine is empty, the probability is that death took place at least ____ or more hours after the last meal

A

12

51
Q

_______ is first observed as an extended stomach and abdomen

A

Decomposition

52
Q

If the body is in a hot, moist location, a soapy appearance called _______ develops. This takes as long as 3 months to fully develop.

A

adipocere

53
Q

_________ is the complete dehydration of all body tissues. If the body is left in an extremely dry and hot area, it may mummify in about a year and remain in this condition for several years if undisturbed by animals or insects

A

Mummification

54
Q

Shots fired from a _____ ______ produce little or no powder tattooing or carbons on the skin

A

long distance

55
Q

Shots fired from an ______ _________, tattooing appears on the clothing or body when fired from as much as 2 feet away

A

intermediate distance

56
Q

Shots fired in ______ ______ with the victim should have a muzzle impression on the skin and soot or powder fragments in the entrance area or around the wound

A

direct contact

57
Q

_______ _______ is that stemming from hurt feelings, anger or rage, such as when the jealous lover stabs her ex-boyfriend while he’s on a date with his new girlfriend

A

Expressive violence

58
Q

_______ ________ is goal-directed predatory behavior used to exert control.

A

• Instrumental violence

o EXAMPLE: The carjacker who shoots his victim before stealing the vehicle

59
Q

In 2006 ____ law enforcement officers were feloniously killed, the majority of which died as a result during arrest situations

A

48

60
Q

The most tragic school shooting occurred in 2007 at Virginia Tech University. Cho Seung-Hui (24) killed __ people –including himself- and wounded 23.

A

33

61
Q

Of all violent crimes, ______ has the highest clearance rate

A

homicide

62
Q

However, nearly ____% of all murders go unsolved

A

40

CID (15 decks)

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