Crime and Deviance P3 Flashcards
What is Durkheim’s view on punishment?
Punishment reinforces collective conscience and social solidarity by responding to crimes that threaten societal values.
Strength: Explains how punishment helps maintain social order.
Weakness: Ignores the role of inequality in punishment and fails to address how punishment may disproportionately affect certain groups.
What does Foucault say about punishment?
Modern punishment has shifted from physical punishment to surveillance and control, exemplified by the concept of the panopticon.
Strength: Highlights how surveillance creates self-discipline.
Weakness: Overfocuses on power dynamics and neglects justice or rehabilitation.
What is the Marxist view on punishment?
Punishment serves the interests of the capitalist elite, maintaining control over the working class.
Strength: Critiques the way punishment protects capitalist structures.
Weakness: Overemphasises economic factors, overlooking non-economic causes of crime.
What is the Right Realist view on punishment?
Emphasises harsh penalties, deterrence, and “zero tolerance” policies to reduce crime.
Strength: Focuses on practical ways to reduce crime.
Weakness: Ignores root causes of crime, such as poverty and inequality.
What is Hirschi’s Social Control Theory?
Crime occurs when individuals lack strong bonds to society, such as attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief.
Strength: Explains why most people conform to laws.
Weakness: Ignores structural causes of crime, such as poverty or systemic inequality.
What is Foucault’s theory of social control?
Modern social control operates through surveillance and disciplinary power, rather than physical punishment.
Strength: Demonstrates how control is embedded in everyday life through institutions.
Weakness: Can be overly deterministic and overlooks the role of individual resistance.
What is Stanley Cohen’s concept of deviancy amplification?
Media and authorities exaggerate deviance, leading to more social control and further deviance.
Strength: Highlights the role of media in shaping public perceptions of crime.
Weakness: Doesn’t provide clear solutions for breaking the cycle of deviance amplification.
What is Left Realism’s approach to control?
Focuses on community-based strategies like restorative justice to prevent crime and address underlying social inequality.
Strength: A more humane approach focusing on prevention and rehabilitation.
Weakness: May not be effective for serious offenders or large-scale crimes.
What is Hans von Hentig’s view on victims?
Some victims may contribute to their own victimisation through their actions (victim precipitation).
Strength: Offers a dynamic view of the relationship between offenders and victims.
Weakness: Risk of victim-blaming, especially in cases like sexual assault.
What do feminists say about victimisation?
Patriarchal societies create conditions that increase the victimisation of women, particularly in cases of domestic violence and sexual assault.
Strength: Highlights gendered power dynamics in victimisation.
Weakness: May overlook male victims or broader structural factors beyond gender.
What is the focus of critical victimology?
It focuses on how victimisation is shaped by power and structural inequalities (e.g., class, race, gender).
Strength: Highlights social inequalities and how victimisation is politically constructed.
Weakness: Overemphasises structural factors, neglecting personal agency.
What is positivist victimology, according to Miers?
It looks at patterns of victimisation and seeks to identify why certain individuals are more likely to be victims.
Strength: Useful for identifying patterns of crime and prevention strategies.
Weakness: Can risk victim-blaming, focusing too much on individual behaviour.
