Childhood

Question 1

definition:

Answer 1

the psychological and biological development before adulthood

Question 2

what is meant by social construction?

Answer 2

individuals and their differences constructed through social progresses

Question 3

golden age:

Answer 3

the happiness of the child, their innocence, vulnerability and dependence on the adults

Question 4

modern view of childhood:

Answer 4

children are regarded as psychologically and physically immature in running their own lives

need a lengthy period of socialisation before adult society

Question 5

Postman (1982):

Answer 5

childhood is disappearing as time goes on

childhood is under threat by television exposure

Question 6

Jenks (2005):

Answer 6

argues that childhood isn’t disappearing but simply changing

concerned with futurity

Question 7

Aries (1960):

Answer 7

views childhood from the historical perspective from the 10th-13th century

children were not seen as separate

Question 8

Cunningham (2006):

Answer 8

3 main characteristics of childhood:

• children should have right to happiness
• the adult world should be kept separate from the one of the children’s world
• children should be dependent and protected by the adults

Question 9

Child-Centred Society: Britain 20th Century

Answer 9

• government take economical responsibility to the adults
• compulsory education
• availability to contraception

Question 10

Pugh (2002):

Answer 10

‘cash rich but time poor’
parents are guilty about the lack of parenting time

Question 11

a unit of consumption

Answer 11

• the media target children who use ‘pester power’ to persuade parents to spend more