Cranial Nerves and foramina and fissure Flashcards
all about CN and Foramina
Which Cranial nerve(s) helps with eye movement
CN III (Oculo - motor), CN IV (Trochlear), CN VI (Adbucent)
What does CN II (Optic) do?
Vision
Which Cranial nerve(s) controls facial muscles
CN VII (Facial)
Which Cranial nerves are sensory only
Cranial nerve I - olfactory, CN II - optic & CN VIII - vestibulo-cochlear
Which Cranial nerves are motor only
CN III- oculo-motor, IV - Trochlear, VI - Adbucent, XI - Accessory , XII - Hypoglossal
Which Cranial nerves carry parasympathetic fibers
CN III - Oculo-motor, CN VII - Facial, CN IX - Glosso-pharyneal, CN X -Vagus
Which nerves are not considered true Cranial nerves and why?
Olfactory & Optic, Do not have ganglia or synapses outside the central nervous system.
What does CN I do and it’s name
Smell and olfactory
Which CN nerve controls hearing and balance
Vestibulocochlear CN VIII
Which nerve is the sensory from the throat and tongue
Glosso-pharyngeal (CN IX)
What type of nerve is the Accessory nerve and where is it located
CN XI, Motor, sternocleido-mastoid and trapezius muslces
Which Cranial nerve allows tongue movement
CN XII - hypoglossal
Which nerves are found in the forebrain
Olfactory CN I & Optic CN II
Where in the brain stem would you locate CN III (Oculo-motor) & CN IV (Trochlear)
Midbrain
Which nerves are found in the pons region of the brainstem
V (Trigeminal)
VI (adbucent)
VII (Facial)
VIII (Vestibulo-cochlear)
In the Brainstem where would you locate CN IX (Glosso-pharyngeal) , CN X (Vagus), CN XI (Spinal Accessory) & CN XII (hypoglossal)
Medulla
What is the difference between nerve pathway and tracts pathway
A nerve is a nerve pathway outside the CNS. A tract is a nerve pathway within the CNS.
What are the 5 means that the vagus nerve can be disrupted
Injury or restriction to the efferent supply anywhere along it’s pathway
Sensory feedback from viscera and other sources
Toxicity
Disturbance within brainstem and brain
Psycho-emotional factors (ANS imbalance and sympathetic overstimulation)
are cranial nerves part of the CNS or PNS
PNS - All nerves are part of the PNS. including Cranial nerves
Which nerve is involved in the Meniere’s disease
CN VIII - Vestibulo-cochlear
3 diagnostic symptoms of Meniere disease
Vertigo , hearing loss and motion sickness
What is Meniere’s disease
Loss of hearing ( deafness) and attacks of tinnitus and vertigo.
which CN passes thru the ciliary ganglion
CN III - oculomotor (intrinsic muscles of the iris)
which CN passes thru the pterygopalatine ganglion
CN VII - facial - muscles of the face (lacrimal + nasal glands, mucous membrane and glands of the maxillary, ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses, palate, upper lip, gums and nasopharynx
which CN passes thru the submandibular ganglion
CN VII - facial submandibular and sublingual glands mucous membrane and glands of the mouth
which CN passes thru the otic ganglion
CN IX Glossopharyngeal - parotid gland
what fibres pass thru the pterygopalatine ganglion and where is it located
location = pterygopalatine fossa on each side, space bounded by the sphenoid, palatine bone and maxillae. Fibres = sympathetic (no synapse) parasympathetic synapse. (VII Facial nerve - glands of face and musles)
what ganglion hands down like a traffic light
pterygopalatine ganglion
Symptoms of Bell Palsy and CN involved
one side of the face drooping, difficulty controlling muscles on side of face, dribbling from one side of mouth, lower eye lid droops. CN VII Facial
Which cranial nerve is involved in secretion of saliva
CN VII - facial