All test questions Flashcards
All past test questions
How many layers in the membrane system and their names?
3 layers - Meninges (pia, arachnoid and Dura mater)
What are the 3 names of the meninges
PAD Pia Mater (soft mother, Inner layer ) Arachnoid mater (middle layer , Spider layer) Dura mater (youth mother, outer layer )
Main bones attach directly to the membrane system
All cranium bones
2nd + 3rd cervical vertebrae
Sacrum
Coccyx
Bones of the cranium
Frontal bones 2 parietal bones 2 temporal bones Occipital bone Ethmoid bone Sphenoid
6 Fundamental (essence) principles of CSC
Engage Allow Follow, Stillness Release Reorganisation
What is the ventricular system
System of cavities and canals deep within the brain and spinal cord
What is the subarachnoid space
Fluid fill space (CSF) btw the arachnoid and Pia mater (inside the arachnoid and outside the Pia mater)
Venous sinuses what are they
Major drainage channels of venous blood (de-oxygenated) from the brain to the heart. Only in cranium
Sinus = space
What is Fascia
A sheath of continuous Connective Tissue that runs thru out the whole body’s enveloping everything
Three diff cranio rhythms
Long tide (complete cycle 100sec) Middle tide (2-2.5 cycles per min) Cranio sacral tide (cri) (4-14 cycles per min)
What are the 2 phases the 3 rhythms exhibit
Expansion and contraction phases
List the 4 stage integration treatment framework
Engagement
Opening up the system
Core treatment
Completion
4 main areas of emotional centre
Heart
Solar plex
Pelvic centre
Sub occipital centre
What is the core of the CS integration system
Membrane system - enveloping and containing the central nervous system
The bones attaching to the membrane system - cranium, sacrum and coccyx
The cerebrospinal fluid, with in the membrane system
Where does CSF only circulating
In the subarachnoid space
Which bones do the parietal bone articulate with
Frontal, occiput, 2 temporal, tip of greater sphenoid wing
Where are coronal suture
Btw the frontal and parietal bones
Where are the metopic suture
Btw the frontal bones (prominent in children)
Three characteristics you look for when first tuning into the Cranio sacral system
Quality, symmetry and motion
Where is the jugular foramen locates and what 2 bones form it
Anterior and lateral to the forum magnum. Near temporal bones .
(Abt 1-2 inch in from under the ear lobe)
What is the most significant factor required in a Practitioner in order to enable effective engagement
Grounding, presence, relaxed within yourself, establishing your own fulcrum, appropriate attention
Clinics process and what attaches to them
Bony protrusion front and back on the Stella turcica (Turkish saddle) on the sphenoid
Attached is the tentorium cerebellum
4 portions of the occiput
Squamous portion, 2x condular portions
Basilar portion
Where is The sphenoid basilar synchondrosis locates
bw the sphenoid anteriorly and posteriorly to basi-occiput
Which bones does the tentorium cerebelli attach to
4 clinics processes
Occiput
2x parietal
2x temporal bones
Which bones does the flax cerebri attach to
Midline of occiput
Frontal
Ethmoid (Crista galli)
Parietals
How is the cerebral spinal fluid produced
Chloride plexus - extracts cerebrospinal fluid from material blood
Where is cerebral spinal fluid mainly located
In subarachnoid spaces with in the membrane around the cranium and down the spine
Where is the straight sinus
Point where all the sinuses meet
Connects to superior and inferior sagittal sinuses and confluences of sinuses
Approximate rate of
- cranio sacral rhythm
- middle tide
- long ride
4-14 cycles per min
2-2 1/2 cycles per min (20-25 sec full cycle)
complete cycle 100 sec
What steps could you take to help you connect with the middle tide
By gentle touch Grounding Settling Entrainment Midline Deeper tissue level connection
What is meant by reciprocal tension membrane system
Membrane system of top of cranium to tip of coccyx
Tension or imbalance in any part influences all other parts of membrane system
Describe temporal bone motion
Wobbly wheel motion
Rotation external and internal from parietals
In what direction is the ear hold process carried out
Down and out to side slightly, lateral and posterial
What steps could you take to become more grounded during a treatment
Breathing, presence, checking own fulcrum, appropriate attention
Explain the importance of stillness in cranio-sacral therapy
When the cranium sacral rhythm , mid tide or long ride slow down to a stop bf starting back up again. This is where the greatest healing is achieved and repair (reorganisation)
Describe the motion of the sacrum during the extension phase of cranio sacral motion
Flextion - Apex (tip of sacrum) moves anteriorly (forward )
Extension - apex moves posteriorly (back)
Describe the dural attachments to the sacrum and coccyx
Dural and arachnoid matter terminates in sacral canal at anterior wall , S2 Filum terminale (thin membrane thread) attaches to the coccyx, posteriorly. C1
With a hand under sacrum how might you stimulate the cranio system using the rhythmic motion
Still point induction
In a double contact, one hand under sacrum and other somewhere under vertebral column what do you consider to be the function :-
- of the sacral hand
- Hand under spine
- Combined effect of the two hands together
Find resistance, expressions of resistance in system
Focus point
Create poles for energy for balance
How does the sphenoid basilar synchondrosis differ anatomically from other joints in the skull
Cartilaginous joint
How does the sphenoid basilar synchondrosis anatomical difference affect its function
More mobile
Why is the sphenoid basilar synchondrosis functional difference considered to be significant in CST
Fulcrum by which system operates.
Asymmetry from elsewhere in body is displayed in patterns
6 patterns of Sbs
Flexion / extension (flexion - sphenoid moves forward and down. Extension moves back and up)
Torsion ( sbs greater wings move twist inferior or superior)
Side bending (gap is created btw sphenoid body and basi- occiput on one side creating a narrowing on op side)
Lateral shift (sphenoid moves to one side while occiput moves to op side)
Vertical shift (sphenoid shifts superiorly or inferiorly to basi occiput)
Compression (sphenoid is compressed posteriorly toward occiput and occiput anterior to sphenoid)