CRAIK AND LOCKHART’S LEVELS OF PROCESSING FRAMEWORK Flashcards
What does CRAIK AND LOCKHART’S LEVELS OF PROCESSING FRAMEWORK propose?
That the depth (level of processing) at which we process information during learning determines how well information is stored in the LTM.
Who created CRAIK AND LOCKHART’S LEVELS OF PROCESSING FRAMEWORK and when?
Fergus Craik and Robert Lockhart, 1972
Information is not always completely meaningful or meaningless - what does the continuum used to describe this called?
Levels of processing!
3 LEVELS of processing?
Shallow processing
Intermediate processing
Deep processing
Define: shallow processing
Analysing the physical and perceptual features of the stimulus (eg. the man is bald and has no nose)
Define: intermediate processing
The stimulus is recognised and named (eg. the man is VOLDY)
Define: deep processing
Semantic, meaningful characteristcs are given to the stimuli (ie. associations) (eg. killed HP’s parents and i had a phobia of him)
3 types of encoding?
STructural encoding
Phonemic (acoustic) encoding
Semantic encoding
Define: structural encoding
Processing the visual features of information (involves shallow processing)
Define: phonemic encoding
Processing the sounds of information (involves intermediate processing)
Define: semantic encoding
Attaching meaning to information (involves deep processing)
The deeper the level of processing, the…
The more effectively that information is encoded, stored and retrieved from LTM.
Example of shallow processing?
Structural encoding
Example of intermediate processing?
Phonemic encoding
Examples of deep processing?
Semantic encoding (including elaborative rehearsal and self-referencing effect)
