COPD Flashcards
1
Q
what are the 3 factors that attribute to bronchoconstriction
A
- abnormal bronchomotor tone
- inflammation
- mechanical obstruction
2
Q
what are beta2 agonists?
A
- abluterol (SABA)
- salmetrol (LABA)
3
Q
SABA medications
A
short acting (rapid acting)
- these medications have rapid onset of action but a short 1/2 life
- good for emergency use
- sometimes called a rescue inhaler
4
Q
long acting medications
A
- these medications have a delayed onset and longer 1/3 life
- good for maintenance
5
Q
how can medications be given
A
inhaler: local, direct administration into the lungs (airways)
oral (PO)
intravenous (IV): systemic
6
Q
which administration (inhaler vs IV) is more likely to lead to unwanted side effect?
A
IV
7
Q
talk about beta agonists
A
- activates beta 2 receptor, increases cAMP, which decreases calcium and promotes smooth muscle relaxation
- side effects: tachycardia, HTN, tremos, anxiety
8
Q
talk about anticholinergics
A
- blocks muscarinic receptor
- blocks PDE
- promote smooth muscle relaxation
- side effects: dry mouth, allergic reaction, urinary retention
9
Q
what are the side effects of corticosteroids
A
- immunosuppression’
- myopathy
- hypergycemia
- osteoporosis
- insomnia
- Na+/H2O retention
- emotional lability
10
Q
talk about pulmonary pharamacotherapy
A
- smoking cessation
- antifribtoics
- antibiotics
11
Q
what is the #1 cause of COPD?
A
smoking
12
Q
what are the respiratory symptoms of COPD
A
- SOB
- fatigue
- weakness
- airway limitation
13
Q
what does COPD include?
A
- chronic bronchitis
- emphysema
- airflow obstruction
- reactive airway
14
Q
what are the COPD stats?
A
- increases as we age
- prevalance in women increasing
15
Q
is COPD progressive?
A
yes… slow downward trajectory
