cop 26 Flashcards
when was cop 26 held
SEC Centre in Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom, from 31 October to 13 November 2021
cop26 was delayed by a year due to
covid
‘ratchet mechanism’
the Paris Agreement requires parties to carry out a process colloquially known as the ‘ratchet mechanism’ every five years to provide improved national pledges.
how many parties attended cop 26
197
kyoto protocol
The Kyoto Protocol was an international treaty which extended the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change that commits state parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, based on the scientific consensus that global warming is occurring and that human-made CO₂ emissions are driving it.
The protocol called for reducing the emissions of six greenhouse gases in 41 countries plus the European Union to 5.2 percent below 1990 levels.
where and when was it signed
Signed: 11 December 1997, Kyoto, Japan
Signatories: 84 (1998-1999 signing period)
kyoto protocol was signed at cop ___
cop 3
what was signed at cop 21
paris agreement 2015
what was signed at cop 26
glasgow climate pact
cop 26 of the parties to the
unfccc
____ meeting of parties to the paris agreement
3rd
cma 3
____ meeting of the parties to the Kyoto Protocol
16th
CMP16
_______ is the first climate agreement explicitly planning to reduce unabated coal usage.
Glasgow Climate Pact
A pledge to “phase out” coal was changed to “phase down” late in negotiation, for coal in India and coal in China and other coal reliant countries due to __________ countries
india and china
U.N. climate chief Patricia Espinosa stated that she was not happy with the last minute change of language affirmed by members of the Indian and Chinese parties but did say that, “No deal was the worst possible result there. Nobody wins,” stating she was satisfied with the deal overall. “We would have preferred a very clear statement about a phasing out of coal and (the) elimination of fossil fuel subsidies,” Espinosa said, but explained she understands India’s needs.
what are the main elements of the glasgow climate agreement
An agreement to re-visit emission reduction plans in 2022 in order to try to keep the 1.5 °C Paris Agreement target achievable
The first ever inclusion of a commitment to limit (“phase down”) the use of unabated coal (from this wording it implicitly follows that utilizing coal with “abatement” (net-zero emission), e.g. by neutralizing the resulting carbon dioxide via the CO2-to-stone process, need not be reduced. However this carbon capture and storage is too expensive for most coal fired power stations.)
A commitment to climate finance for developing countries.
More than ____ countries, including Brazil, pledged to reverse deforestation and land degradation by 2030.
100 in some places 130
More than ___ countries pledged to move away from coal.
40
_____ + countries have pedged net zero emissions
140
jeff bezos pledged ____ to help restore natural habitats and transform food systems
2 billion usd
methane pledge
100+ countries
led by eu and us
collectively reduce methane emissions by 30%
how many countries committed to phasing out coal
23
including Indonesia, Vietnam, Poland, South Korea, Egypt, Spain, Nepal, Singapore, Chile and Ukraine.
under the glasgow climate pact, japan pledged _____ every year for the next five years and italy pledged ____________-
2 billion,
1.4 billion usd
they agreed that cars and vans sold would be net zero in leading markets by 2035 and _________ globally
2040
according to the unep developing countries need 70 billion a year for adaptation to make progress on climate change and the number is expexted to double by
2030
the adaptation fund set up in 2001 to finance adaptation in developing countries received _____ at cop26
$356 million
what is the supreme decsion making body of the unfccc
cop
where and when was cop1 held
The first Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP-1) met in Berlin from 28 March - 7 April 1995.
where is cop held every year unless a party offers to host the session
Bonn, Germany
The secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is located in Bonn, Germany. Secretariat staff are housed at the UN Campus and Haus Carstanjen.
unfccc presidency rotates among
the 5 recognised un regions
UN’s original 51 members into regional groups. The five groups of the current 193 members are: Africa (54 members), Asia (53), Latin America and the Caribbean (33), Western Europe and Others (WEO, 29) and Eastern Europe (23).
when was the nairobi framework adopted
12th cop
6 Nov 2006 – 17 Nov 2006
what is the nairobi framework partnership
The Nairobi Framework Partnership (NFP) supports developing countries in preparing and implementing their plans to address climate change, called Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Climate Change Agreement.
what is the parent treaty of the kyoto protocol and theparis agreement
unfccc
the unfccc has _____ universal membership
near universal
who was the president of cop 26
alok sharma
Alok Sharma is a British politician serving as President for COP26 and a Minister of State at the Cabinet Office since 2021. Resigning his previous position as Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy in order to lead COP26, he retains full Cabinet status
the glasgow climate pact called on countries to strengthen their ndcs or 2030 climate action plans by
2022
25 countries and ____ financial institutions have comitted to stop public financing of most coal projects by
2030
which two top emitters of greenhouse gases agreed to boost cooperation for climate for the next decade
china and us
