controlling Blood glucose

Question 1

What controls blood glucose levels?

Answer 1

• Insulin and Glucagon

Question 2

1 How does glucose enter the blood ?
2 How is glucose removed?
3 Where is excess Glucose stored? (as)

Answer 2

Eating food containing carbohydrates puts glucose into the blood from the gut
- Normal metabolism cells remove glucose from blood
vigorous exercise removes much more glucose from blood

• stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles

Question 3

4 What must be kept steady and how?

Answer 3

• lvl of glucose in blood.
  Changes are monitored and controlled by pancreas, using insulin and glucagon in a negative feedback cycle

Question 4

What happens when Blood glucose level is too high?

Answer 4

• insulin is secreted by pancreas
• glucose goes from blood to target cell
• Glucose moves from blood into liver and muscle cells
• Insulin makes liver turn glucose into glycogen
• Blood glucose return to optimum level
  (example of NF)

Question 5

What happens when Blood glucose level is too low?

Answer 5

• pancreas detects blood glucose is low and secretes glucagon
• Glucagon released into blood from liver
• Glucagon makes liver turn glycogen into glucose
• Blood glucose return to optimum level
  (example of NF)

Question 6

What is diabetes?

Answer 6

• condition that affects your ability to control your blood sugar levels

Question 7

How many types of diabetes are there?

Answer 7

• 2
• type 1 and type 2

Question 8

Explain type 1 diabetes?
What are the causes?
What treatments are available?

Answer 8

• Pancreas produces little or no insulin. This means a person’s blood glucose levels can rise to a level that can kill them
• genetic or autoimmune condition = causes
• insulin therapy (several injections throughout the day, most likely at meal time) This makes sure glucose is removed once food is digested =quiet effective

The amount of insulin needed to be injected depends on
- diet
- lvl of activity

Question 9

How can type 1 diabetes be reduced?

Answer 9

• Insulin therapy
• limiting intake of food rich in simple carbohydrates
• regular exercise = remove excess glucose

Question 10

Explain type 2 diabetes?
What are the causes?

Answer 10

• where a person becomes resistant to their own insulin = persons blood sugar levels rise to dangerous level)
• Being overweight can increase your chances of developing type 2 diabetes and obesity is a major factor in development of disease.

Question 11

How can type 2 diabetes be reduced?

Answer 11

• eating a carbohydrate- controlled diet
• regular exercise