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OB-GYNE > Contraception & Sterilization > Flashcards

Contraception & Sterilization Flashcards

1
Q

What is the mechanism of contraception in breastfeeding?

A

Prolactin-induced inhibition of pulsatile gonadrotropin- releasing hormone (GnRH)

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2
Q

What is the actual efficacy rate in the population of male condom use?

A

85-90%

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3
Q

Name the two most widely use spermicides?

A
  1. Nonoxynol-9
  2. Octoxynol-9
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4
Q

What are the potential benefits of family planning?

A

It prevents about 1/3 of pregnancy related deaths

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5
Q

What is the most frequently used spermicide?

A

Nonoxynol-9

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6
Q

What is the most widely used method of reversible contraception in the world?

A

Intrauterine device

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7
Q

What is the failure rate of IUD use in the first year ?

A

3%

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8
Q

What is the ideal method of contraception for breastfeeding mothers and women for whom estrogens are contraindicated?

A

Progestin-only-pills

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9
Q

Basal body temperature contraceptive method would require you to refrain from intercourse when?

A

First day of menses until 3 days after the temperature rise of 0.2-0.5 degrees

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10
Q

Smoking at what age and above is an absolute contraindication to the use of combined oral contraceptives?

A

35 years of age

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11
Q

What are the rare complications related to OCP?

A

Retinal thrombosis
Cervical adenocarcinoma
Benign liver adenomas

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12
Q

Which contraception method causes vitamin B12 deficiency?

A

Oral Contraceptive pills

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13
Q

Main action of combined oral contraceptives?

A

Suppression of ovulation by interfering with the pulsatile release of FSH and LH

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14
Q

Medications that reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives? (6)

A

Barbiturates
Carbamazepine
Griseofulvin
Phenytoin
Rifampin
Topiramate

Barbi ride a Greasy Car, Phenytoin Rif the Top

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15
Q

Type of women wherein transdermal hormonal contraceptives are less effective?

A

Markedly overweight women

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16
Q

Cardiovascular complications associated with oral contraceptives?

A

Myocardial Infarction
Deep vein thrombosis
Hypertension

17
Q

Which commonly used pharmaceutical preparation can give hypomenorrhea to women?

A

Oral contraceptives

18
Q

Which relatively permanent contraceptive method blocks the meeting of the egg and sperm?

A

Bilateral Tubal Ligation

19
Q

Most common reversible means of preventing pregnancy?

A

Intrauterine device

20
Q

Common reasons for discontinuing the pill? (3)

A

Breakthrough bleeding
Nausea
Necessity of Taking the pill everyday

21
Q

Barrier mechanism?

A

Mechanical obstruction

22
Q

Combined hormonal estrogen and progestin mechanism? (4)

A
  1. Thickens mucous to inhibit sperm penetration
  2. Inhibit ovulation
  3. Thin endometrium
  4. Alters motility of uterus and fallopian tubes
    TITA
23
Q

Mechanism of progestin only pills? (4)

A
  1. Thickens mucous to inhibit sperm penetration
  2. Inhibit ovulation
  3. Thin endometrium
  4. Alters motility of uterus and fallopian tubes
    TITA
24
Q

Mechanism of Depot medroxy progesterone acetate injectables and Etonorgestrel Subdermal Implants?

A
  1. Thickens cervical mucous to inhibit sperm penetration
  2. Thin endometrium
  3. Inhibit ovulation

CEO

25
Q

Mechanism of Levonorgestrel IUD ? (2)

A
  1. Thickens cervical mucous to inhibit sperm penetration
  2. Thins endometrium
26
Q

Mechanism of Copper IUD? (3)

A
  1. Inhibits sperm migration and viability
  2. Changes transport speed of ovum
  3. Damages ovum

Sperm & Ovum

27
Q

Mechanism of permanentnsterilization?

A

Mechanical obstruction of tubes

28
Q

Best contraception for breastfeeding?

A

Progestin Only Pills

29
Q

Best contraception for patients with epilepsy and sickle cell disease?

A

Depot medroxy progesterone acetate

30
Q

Contraindicated contraceptives for patients with current STI / PID within the past 3 months?

A

IUD ( LNGS & Copper)

31
Q

Contraindicated contraceptives for patients with Wilsons disease, may cause more bleeding and dysmenorrhea.

A

Copper IUD

32
Q

COCP non contraceptive benefits?

A

Dec ovarian cancer 50%
Dec endometrial cancer 50%
Decrease ovarian cyst
Decrease benign breast disease
Decrease colorectal cancer
Decrease incidence of PID

OB-GYNE (25 decks)

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