Contraception Drugs

Question 1

Progestin only

Answer 1

LNG

MOA:
-Thin endometrium, thicken mucus, and suppress follicular development

AE:
-Weight gain
-Mood changes
-Headaches
-Irregular (lighter) vaginal bleeding or amenorrhea
-Acne

Question 2

Oral aka combined OCs (COCs) or “The Pill”

Answer 2

AE:
-Nausea
-Breast tenderness
-Bloating
-Mood changes
-Skin changes
-Decrease Libido
-Increase Risk of adverse CV events

Question 3

GnRH agonist

Answer 3

MOA: downreg of axis, suppression of menses, shrinkage of fibroids, suppression of endometriotic implants

AE:
-Flare” response with increase bleeding or symptoms
-Menopausal symptoms (e.g., hot flashes, vaginal dryness, bone loss [temporary])

Administration with daily norethindrone = decrease bone loss

Question 4

GnRH antagonist

Answer 4

MOA: same as agonist

AE:
-Menopausal symptoms (e.g., hot flashes, vaginal dryness, bone loss [temporary])

Question 5

Clomiphene citrate

Answer 5

Selective estrogen receptor

MOA: Blocks central estrogen feedback = increase, FSH. Weak antagonism of endometrial estrogen R.

AE:
-Mood lability
-Hot flashes
-Small risk of multiple gestation