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Physiology 201 Lab > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of connective tissue

A
  • most abundant tissue in the body
  • not very cellular
  • extracellular matrix (fibers and ground substance)
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2
Q

Define extracellular martix

A

fibers and ground substance synthesized and secreted by CT cells

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3
Q

Parts of extracellular matrix

A
  • Ground substance = fluid, semi-fluid, gelatinous, or hard substance that connective tissue cells (blasts) secrete into the ECM
  • Types of fibers = collagen, elastic, and reticular
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4
Q

Types of connective tissue

A
  • loose
  • dense
  • cartilage
  • bone
  • blood
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5
Q

Characteristics of loose areolar connective tissue

A
  • semi-fluid ground substance
  • mast cells present
  • fibroblast cells present
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6
Q

Fibers and cells in loose areolar conenctive tissue

A 
fibers = Collagen, elastic, and reticular
cells = fibroblasts
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7
Q

Location of loose areolar connective tissue

A
  • under basement membrane of epithelial, subcutaneous layer, and papillary layer
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8
Q

Functions of loose areolar connective tissue

A

Strength, elasticity, support, and nutrient diffusion

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9
Q

Characteristics of loose adipose connective tissue

A
  • 1 nucleus per cell
  • contain adipocytes that come from fibroblasts
  • very little extracellular matrix
  • cytoplasm and nucleus are pushed to the periphery due to a single triglyceride droplet
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10
Q

Location of loose adipose connective tissue

A
  • subcutaneous layer of skin
  • around heart and kidneys
  • yellow bone marrow
  • padding around joints and behind the eyeball
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11
Q

Functions of loose adipose connective tissue

A
  • stores lipids for fuel
  • thermal insulation
  • cushioning organs and joints
  • endocrine
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12
Q

Fibers and cells in loose adipose connective tissue

A 
fibers = collagen, elastic, reticular
cells = adipocytes
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13
Q

Characteristics of dense regular connective tissue

A

Has little ground substance and few fibroblasts

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14
Q

Fibers and cells in dense regular connective tissue

A

fiber = collagen (protein secreted by fibroblasts)
- collagen fibers run parallel to pulling forces in tissue
cells = fibroblasts

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15
Q

Locations of dense regular connective tissue

A
  • Ligaments
  • tendons
  • aponeuroses
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16
Q

Functions of dense regular connective tissue

A
  • strong attachment between various structures

- withstands tension along axis of fibers

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17
Q

Characteristics of dense irregular connective tissue

A
  • “Marble tissue”

- few fibroblasts and little ground substance

18
Q

Fibers and cells in dense irregular connective tissue

A 
fiber = Collagen
cell = fibroblasts
19
Q

Locations of dense irregular connective tissue

A
  • reticular region of dermis
  • fibrous pericardium
  • periosteum of bone
  • perichondrium of cartilage
  • joint capsules
  • membrane capsules around various organs (kidneys, liver, testes, lymph nodes)
  • heart valves
20
Q

Functions of dense irregular connective tissue

A

Resists pulling forces in many directions

21
Q

Characteristics of hyaline cartilage connective tissue

A
  • “Floating eyeballs”
  • most abundant cartilage in body
  • resilient gel as ground substance
  • chondrocytes found in lacunae
22
Q

Fibers and cells in hyaline cartilage connective tissue

A 
fibers = Collagen
cell= chondrocytes
23
Q

Locations of hyaline cartilage connective tissue

A
  • end of long bones
  • anterior ends of ribs
  • nose
  • parts of larynx
  • trachea
  • bronchi
  • embryonic and fetal skeleton
24
Q

Functions of hyaline cartilage connective tissue

A
  • provides smooth surfaces for movement at joints
  • flexibility
  • support
25
Q

Characteristics of fibrocartilage connective tissue

A
  • Cotton candy weave
  • Strongest type of cartilage
  • contains fewer lacunae and chondrocytes
26
Q

Fibers and cells in fibrocartilage connective tissue

A 
fibers = Collagen - gives it its tensile strength
cell = chondrocytes
27
Q

Locations of fibrocartilage connective tissue

A
  • pubic symphysis
  • intervertebral discs
  • menisci of knee
  • portions of tendons that insert into cartilage
28
Q

Functions of fibrocartilage connective tissue

A
  • support and joining structures together

- strength and rigidity

29
Q

Characteristics of elastic cartilage connective tissue

A
  • Scary tissue!

- has chondrocytes in fibers in ECM

30
Q

Fibers and cells in elastic cartilage connective tissue

A 
fiber = Elastic
cell= chondrocytes
31
Q

Locations of elastic cartilage connective tissue

A
  • epiglottis of larynx
  • auricle of external ear
  • auditory tubes
32
Q

Functions of elastic cartilage connective tissue

A
  • provides strength and elasticity

- maintains shape of certain structures

33
Q

Characteristics of compact bone connective tissue

A
  • Tree trunk!

- hardest connective tissue (due to inorganic salts)

34
Q

Structure of compact bone connective tissue

A

*- consists of osteons that contains lamellae, lacunae, collagen, osteocytes, canaliculi, and central canals

  • ECM is organized into lamellae and consists of collagen, ground substance and inorganic salts
  • osteocytes are trapped in lacunae
  • Canaliculi = small canals that connect lacunae to each other and to larger canals with blood vessels
35
Q

Fibers and cells in compact bone connective tissue

A 
fiber = Collagen
cell = osteocytes
36
Q

Location of compact bone connective tissue

A

Surface of bones

37
Q

Functions of compact bond connective tissue

A
  • support
  • protection (hardness, compressive and tensile strength)
  • storage (calcium and phosphorus)
  • acts as a level w muscle tissue to enable movement
38
Q

Characteristics of blood connective tissue

A
  • ECM is liquid (plasma) and contains “formed elements”: erythrocytes, leukocytes and thrombocytes
39
Q

Fibers and cells in blood connective tissue

A

There are no fibers in blood unless its a blood clot

cell = erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

40
Q

Locations of blood connective tissue

A
  • within blood vessels

- within chamber of heart

41
Q

Functions of blood connective tissue

A
  • transport oxygen and carbon dioxide from them
  • phagocytosis
  • immunity
  • allergic reactions
  • blood clotting

Physiology 201 Lab (36 decks)

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