Anatomical Regions, Planes, and Cavities Flashcards
Standard anatomical position
Chest and face up, arms and legs straight, palms up
Supine
Body is horizontal and laying on back
Prone
Body is horizontal and laying on chest
Anatomical positions on body
ANTERIOR: Cranial, facial, cervical, acromial, axillary, brachial, anti-cubital, anti-brachial, carpal, digital, palmar, femoral, patellar, crural, tarsal, digital, frontal, orbital, otic, buccal, nasal, oral, mental, sternal, mammary, umbilical, coxal, inguinal, pubic, pedal, manual
POSTERIOR: occipital, scapular, vertebral, olecranal, gluteal, popliteal, sural, fibular, plantar, lumbar, calcaneal
Directional terms
- Superior vs. inferior
- Medial vs. laterial
- Proximal vs. distal
- intermediate
- ipsilateral vs. contralateral
- superficial vs. deep
Body planes
- Frontal
- transverse
- midsagittal
- parasagittal
- oblique
- cross - sectional
- longitudinal
Body Cavities
- Posterior (cranial and vertebral)
- Anterior (abdominopelvic and thoracic)
Cranial cavity
formed by bones and contains the brain
Vertebral canal
formed by vertebral column and contains spinal cord and the beginnings of spinal nerves
Abdominopelvic cavity
- abdominal cavity = stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, and most of large intestine (serous membrane = peritoneum)
- pelvic cavity = urinary bladder, portions of large intestine, and internal organs or reproduction
Thoracic cavity
- Pericardial cavity = heart (serous membrane = pericardium)
- Pleural cavity = lungs (serous membrane = pleura)
Serous membranes
- cover organs
- 2 layers: visceral and parietal
- serous fluid = prevents friction
Define visceral
covers organ
Define parietal
covers ventral body wall
Abdominopelvic regions/ quadrants
right hypochondriac region, epigastric region, left hypochondriac region, right lumbar region, umbilical region, left lumbar region, right iliac region, hypogastric region, left iliac region
