Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What do all connective tissue have in common?

A

Specialized cells, ground substance, and fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is between epithelial and connective tissue?

A

Basement Membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Fibroblasts

A

Fixed cell in connective tissue that synthesizes fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fixed macrophages

A

Fixed cells. Irregular shaped. Used to engulf invaders and damaged cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Adipocytes

A

Fixed cells. They are fat cells primarily used for lipid storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mesenchymal cells

A

Fixed Stem cells, used to respond to local injury or infection by dividing to produce new cells. Known for differentiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Melanocytes

A

Fixed cells that produce melanin. Gives tissue a dark color.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the wandering cell names?

A

Free macrophages, mast cells, lymphocytes, microphages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Free macrophages

A

Wandering cells that provide immune response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Monocytes

A

Free macrophages when in the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mast cells

A

Wandering cells in connective tissues. They are found near blood vessels. Secrete histamine and heparin to stimulate local inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What secretions come out of mast cells?

A

Histamine and heparin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Wandering cells that migrate through the body and increase where ever tissue damage occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the form of lymphocytes that produce antibodies?

A

Plasma cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Microphages

A

Wandering cells that migrate through the body and respond to chemicals released by macrophages and mast cells. They are also phagocytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are examples of microphages?

A

Neutrophils and eosinophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the three types of connective tissues?

A

Connective tissue proper, fluid connective tissue, and supporting connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Collagen fibers

A

Thick thread like composed of collagen and occurring in long parallel bundles. Withstands force along the axis. Don’t stain well. Unbranched

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Elastic fibers

A

Thinner fibers that form complex networks. Branched. Stretches. Contain elastin. Stretch, wavy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Reticular fibers

A

Highly branched and have delicate supporting networks. Resist forces applied from many directions. Branched, complex 3D network that support parenchyma of the organs they are in.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where are reticular fibers found?

A

Spleen and liver where they stabilize cells, blood vessels, and nerves despite the pull of gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Parenchyma

A

Distinctive functional cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the first connective tissue to appear in a developing embryo?

A

Mesenchyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does Mesenchyme do?

A

Gives rise to all other connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Mucoid connective tissue

A

Found in many regions of the embryo it is loose connective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the categories of connective tissue proper?

A

Loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are the three types of loose connective tissue?

A

Areolar connective tissue, adipose connective tissue, and reticular connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Loose connective tissue

A

Supports epithelia, fills spaces between organs, provide cushioning, support blood vessels, nerves, and store lipids. Provide route for the diffusion of materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Areolar connective tissue

A

Found below the epithelium and made up of mostly fibroblasts with elastic and cartilage fibers. Extensive circulatory supply. Allows for independent movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Where is Areolar connective tissue found?

A

In the dermis, between muscles. around blood vessels, nerves, joints. Covered by the epithelial lining of the digestive, respiratory, and urinary tracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Adipose tissue

A

Has modified fibroblasts that store fat and become swollen. Provides padding, cushions shocks, insulates, and stores energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are the two types of adipose tissue?

A

White fat and brown fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

White fat

A

Common under skin, buttocks, sides, and breast. A also bony sockets behind the eyes, surrounds kidneys, and dominates loose connective tissue in the pericardial and abdominal cavities

34
Q

Brown fat

A

More abundant in infants. Important temp regulator.

35
Q

Reticular connective tissue

A

Reticular fibers. Provides supporting framework. Contains many cells

36
Q

Where is reticular connective tissue found?

A

Stroma of the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow

37
Q

Dense regular connective tissue make up

A

Thickly packed collagenous fibers in a parallel arrangement

38
Q

Where can one find dense connective tissue?

A

Tendons, ligaments, aponeuroses, covering skeletal muscle

39
Q

What are functions of dense regular connective tissue?

A

Firm attachment, conducts pull of muscles, reduces friction between muscles, stabilizes positions of bones

40
Q

Dense irregular connective

A

Tissue that provides strength to areas in which stress is applied to many directions. Forms capsules around organs. Can prevent over expansion

41
Q

Where is dense irregular connective tissue found?

A

Capsules of visceral organs, periostea, perichondria, nerve and muscle sheaths, dermis

42
Q

Elastic connective tissue

A

Predominance of elastic fibers with fibroblasts. Stabilizes positions of vertebrae, penis. Provides cushion and shocks. Permits expansion and contraction

43
Q

Where is elastic tissue found?

A

Walls of aorta, vocal cords, respiratory passages, ligamenta Flava, ligamentum nuchae, underlies transitional epithelium so in bladder

44
Q

Perichondrium

A

Sets apart cartilage from other tissue.

45
Q

What are the two distinct layers of Perichondrium?

A

Fibrous layer and cellular layer

46
Q

The fibrous layer of the Perichondrium is made of what kind of tissue?

A

Dense irregular connective tissue

47
Q

Chondrocytes

A

Cartilage cells that reside in lacunae

48
Q

What does the fibrous layer of the Perichondrium do?

A

Provide mechanical support, provide protection, and attaches cartilage to other structures

49
Q

What does the cellular layer in Perichondrium do?

A

Growth and maintenance

50
Q

Appositional growth

A

Chondrocytes growth mechanism in which chondroblasts mature and produce the cartilage matrix

51
Q

Interstitial growth

A

Chondrocytes growth in which it matures within the matrix

52
Q

Three types of cartilage

A

Hyaline, elastic, and fibrous

53
Q

Hyaline Cartilage

A

Cartilage with mostly collagen fibers. Weakest. Provides flexible support and reduces friction between bony surfaces

54
Q

Where is hyaline cartilage found?

A

Tracheal rings, costal cartilages of ribs, bone surfaces at synovial joints.

55
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

Tough cartilage that resists compression, prevents bone to bone contact and limits relative movement.

56
Q

Where is Fibrocartilage found?

A

Intervertebral discs, menisci of knee, and symphysis pubis

57
Q

Damage in what cartilage can interfere with movement?

A

Fibrouscartilage

58
Q

Elastic cartilage

A

Supported by elastic fibers making it resilient and flexible. Arranged irregular. Stains dark.

59
Q

Where is elastic cartilage found?

A

Pinna, epiglottis, auditory canal, tip of nose.

60
Q

What fiber makes up 1/3 of the bones matrix?

A

Collagenous fibers

61
Q

What are the fixed cells of connective tissue?

A

Fibroblasts, fixed macrophages, adipocytes, mesenchymal cells, melanocytes

62
Q

What are bones sheathed by?

A

Periosteum

63
Q

What does the periosteum do for bone?

A

Assists in attaching bones to surrounding tissues, tendons, and ligaments. Cellular layer helps in repair

64
Q

What is something that differentiates bone from cartilage?

A

Can undergo repairs on a regular basis and can respond to stresses

65
Q

Canaliculi

A

Form branching networks for exchange of materials between blood vessels and osteocytes

66
Q

Epithelia and connective tissue form what?

A

Membranes

67
Q

What are the four types of membrane?

A

Mucous membrane, serous membrane, cutaneous membrane, and synovial membrane

68
Q

Mucous membranes

A

Communicate with exterior in digestive, respiratory, and reproductive, and urinary tract. It resists the entry of pathogens

69
Q

What is the areolar tissue component of mucous membranes called?

A

Lamina propia. It connects the epithelium to underlying structures, provides support of blood vessels

70
Q

Serous Membranes

A

Line Subdivisions of the ventral body cavity.

71
Q

What membrane consists of mesothelium supported by areolar connective tissue?

A

Serous membrane

72
Q

What are the three serous membranes?

A

Pleura, peritoneum, and pericardium

73
Q

What is the fluid formed on surfaces of the serous membrane?

A

Transudate. Must be limited as its main function is to reduce friction

74
Q

Cutaneous membrane

A

The skin. Thick, waterproof, and dry

75
Q

Where is Synovial membrane found

A

Found at joints of significant movement.

76
Q

What connective and epithelial tissues make up the synovial membrane?

A

Areolar and squamous or cuboidal cells

77
Q

How does the synovial membrane differ from epithelial

?

A

No basal/reticular lamina, gaps between adjacent cells, the cells are connective tissue cells

78
Q

What does synovial fluid do?

A

Lubricates the cartilages in the joint, distributes oxygen and nutrients, cushions shocks at the joint

79
Q

Superficial fascia

A

Hypodermis. Areolar tissue and connective tissue. Located between skin and organs. Allows skin and organs to move independently

80
Q

Deep fascia

A

After the superficial fascia, made of dense regular connective tissue. Interwoven. Bound to capsules, tendons, ligaments. Ties structural elements together

81
Q

Subserous fascia

A

Between serous membranes and deep fascia. Made of areolar tissue. Prevents muscle or organ movements from disrupting serous membrane lining

Anatomy (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions