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OLD "MIC 661" > Condensed Quiz 7 > Flashcards

Condensed Quiz 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What causes the redness in psoriasis?

A

vasodilation and inflamed endothelial cells

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2
Q

What causes the skin thickening in psoriasis?

A

hyper-proliferation of keratinocytes

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3
Q

What causes the white scales in psoriasis?

A

parakeratosis

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4
Q

Because of the dysfunction of skin in psoriasis what 3 things occur making it a skin barrier dysfunction disease?

A

improper skin stacking
improper secretion of lipids
improper adherence of keratinocytes

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5
Q

What are the 4 histological changes in psoriasis?

A

corneum becomes thick and broken
epidermis is much larger than normal
dermis has enlarged blood vessels
immune infiltrates (DC and T cell clusters)

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6
Q

Are keratinocytes or T cells the driving force of psoriasis and why?

A

T cells
Decreased T cells = decreased psorasis

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7
Q

What molecule produced by keratinocytes causes new of blood vessels?

A

VEGF

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8
Q

What 4 ways do keratinocytes aid in barrier protection?

A

hyper-proliferation
recruit immune cells
produce AMP
produce VEGF

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9
Q

LC–Cd1a produces ______

A

Th17

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10
Q

pDCs produce __________

A

a lot of IFN-a

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11
Q

TH1 cells produce _____

A

TNF-a

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12
Q

keratinocytes produce _____, ____, and ______

A

IL-1
IL-6
TNF-a

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13
Q

What are the polarizing and effector cytokines for TH17?

A

polarizing: IL-1, IL-6, IL-23, TGF-B
effector: IL-17, IL-22

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14
Q

What are the polarizing and effector cytokines for TH1?

A

polarizing: IL-12, IFN-a, IL-18
effector: IFN-a, TNF

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15
Q

What is the target of DAB389 IL-2 (TOX)?

A

activated T cells expressing IL-2R alpha

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16
Q

A proposed mechanism of psoriasis is that specific HLA class I alleles are expressed what other mechanism backs up this claim?

A

CD8+ cells (T17 or T1 cells) found in lesions

17
Q

HLA I C___ and B___ are common in psorasis patients

A

C06
B07

18
Q

What are 4 characteristics of IFN-a?

A

pleiotropic (multiple functional cytokine)
anti-viral
immunomodulator (up-regulates MHC)
anti-proliferative (shuts down protein synthesis)

19
Q

What signaling cascade does IFN-a R1 and 2 use?

A

TYK2/JAK

20
Q

What are 3 psoriasis therapeutics we talked about that targets IFN-a?

A

TYK2 inhibitor
anti-IFNa R1 Ab
anti BCDA2 Ab

21
Q

How does TYK2 inhibitor prevent psoriasis?

A

blocks IFN-a receptor signaling pathway in cells (preventing anti-viral state)

22
Q

How does anti-IFNa R1 Ab prevent psoriasis?

A

blocks all IFN signaling because it cannot bind to its receptor

23
Q

How does anti BCDA2 Ab prevent psoriasis?

A

prevents them from activating and secreting IFN

24
Q

What are 3 ways to measure IFN signaling?

A

measure MHC up-regulation
measure STAT phosphorylation
detect expression of ISG (IFN stimulated gene)

25
Q

What are 3 pieces of evidence what pDCs are important in psorasis?

A

psoriatic skin has active IFN-a signaling pathways
excessive IFN signaling
treatment with IFN-a will make psoriasis worse

26
Q

What are 2 markers for pDCs?

A

BDCA-2/CD123
CD86

27
Q

How do pDCs recognize self-DNA if its inside the endosome in the cell?

A

LL37 binds with self-DNA , causing it to aggregate and cluster, triggering TLR-7 in endosome

28
Q

LC DC + CD1a sense improper lipid secretion in psoriasis and activate __________

A

Th17

29
Q

In APECED patients they have a decrease in _____ and ____ causing them to be prone to yeast infections

A

IL-17 and IFN-a

30
Q

What 3 things do keratinocytes produce?

A

IL-1
IL-6
TNF-a

31
Q

What is the major function of pDC?

A

produce lots of IFN-a

32
Q

What is the overall function of IFN-a?

A

induce viral state

33
Q

What does anti-CD80/86 prevent and how ?

A

T cell activation
binding to B7 on APC so T cells cannot

34
Q

What does anti-CD20R prevent and how?

A

B cell activation
chimeric Ab activating complement (MAC) to kill B cells

35
Q

What does anti-IL1B prevent and how?

A

prevents Th17 activation (polarizing cytokine)
binding to IL-1

36
Q

What does anti-IL-6R prevent and how?

A

prevents Th17 activation (polarizing cytokine)
binding to IL-6R on T cells

37
Q

What does anti-12R prevent and how?

A

inhibits IL-12 and 23 from activating Th1 and Th17 (polarizing cytokines)
binds to IL-12R

38
Q

What does anti-TNF-a prevent and how?

A

prevents TNF-a from binding to Th1 cells and activating them (effector cytokine)
binds to TNF-a

39
Q

What does anti-IL-17 prevent and how?

A

prevents Th17 activation (effector cytokine) and and neutrophils
binds to IL-17

OLD "MIC 661" (19 decks)

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