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Esthetics > Comprehensive Esthetics Review > Flashcards

Comprehensive Esthetics Review Flashcards

1
Q

Define Aesthetikos:

A

Greek word meaning perceptible to the senses.

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2
Q

What are the effects of smoking on the skin?

A

Depleted vitamin C, cause free radicals, wrinkles, aging, and depletes oxygen to skin.

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3
Q

Sensory nerves Vs. motor nerves:

A

Sensory: Carry impulses from the sense organs to the brain; to experience touch, cold, heat, sight, hearing, taste, smell, pain, and pressure.
Motor: Carry impulses from the brain to muscles to produce movement.
Mixed: Contain both abilities to send and receive messages.

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4
Q

What are the forms of hypo pigmentation?

A

Albinism, leukoderma, vitiligo

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5
Q

What is albinism?

A

Absence of melanin

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6
Q

What is leukoderma?

A

Light abnormal patches

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7
Q

What is vitiligo?

A

White spots, lack of pigment.

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8
Q

What are the layers of skin?

A

(crazy little granny steals baby please return soon)

Stratum Corneum 
Stratum Lucidum 
Stratum Granulosum 
Stratum Spinosum 
Basal 
Papillary 
Reticular 
Subcutaneous
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9
Q

What is found in the stratum corneum?

A

Keratinosites

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10
Q

What is found in the stratum lucidum?

A

Clear layer found on palms

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11
Q

What does the stratum granulosum layer do?

A

Produces keratin

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12
Q

What is found in the reticular layer?

A

Fibroblast which make collagen and elastin

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13
Q

What are warm colors?

A

Yellow, red, oranges

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14
Q

What are cool colors?

A

Blue, green, violets

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15
Q

What is highlighting?

A

Light color tone used to brighten a specific area

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16
Q

What is contouring?

A

Deeper and darker tones used to minimize a specific area.

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17
Q

What is sensitive skin?

A

A skin type, genetic, and unchangeable

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18
Q

What is sensitized skin?

A

A condition due to external factors; sunburn, overexposure to products, ect.

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19
Q

What are the types of skin cancers?

A

Malignant Melanoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Basal Cell Carcinoma

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20
Q

Describe Malignant Melanoma

A

Most serious; spreads easily through the body. Black, dark, patches, uneven textures, jagged edges.

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21
Q

Describe Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A

More serious; can spread, red, pink, scaly papules.

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22
Q

Describe basal cell carcinoma

A

Most common, least severe, pearly nodules.

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23
Q

What are the types of UV rays?

A

UVA, UVB, and UVC

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24
Q

Describe UVA rays.

A

Aging rays; penetrate deeper into the reticular layer. Causes cell damage. Weakens collagen and elastin. Alters DNA, causing cancer.

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25
Q

Describe UVB rays.

A

Burning rays, alter and destroy melanin, shorter but stronger, can damage eyes, does help body make vitamin D.

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26
Q

What is an atom?

A

Smallest part of an element, particles from which matter is compromised.

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27
Q

What are protons?

A

Positive particles

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28
Q

What are neutrons?

A

neutral charged particles

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29
Q

WHAT ARE ELECTRONS?

A

NEGATIVE CHARGED PARTICLES

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30
Q

WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF MINERAL MAKEUP?

A

DESIGNED TO BE MORE HEALTHY, NON-COMEDOGENIC, NATURAL, NOT AS HEAVY BUT STILL OFFERS GOOD COVERAGE, POPULAR FOR POST-SURGICAL CAMOUFLAGE MAKEUP

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31
Q

WHAT ARE THE SPECIAL CONSIDERATION FOR ETHNIC SKIN?

A

BLACK SKIN: PRONE TO HYPERKERATOSIS, NEEDS MORE EXFOLIATION, DEEPER PORE CLEANSING.

ASIAN SKIN: MOST SENSITIVE, AVOID AHAS, USE ENZYMES

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32
Q

WHAT ARE CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR CHEMICAL PEELS?

A

RECENT COSMETIC SURGERY, ALLERGIES TO PRODUCTS, PREGNANCY, HERPES SIMPLEX, OPEN SORES/LESIONS, HYPERPIGMENTATION TENDENCIES, USE OF ACUTANE, RETIN A, INFLAMED ROSACEA OR ACNE, INFECTIOUS DISEASE, SUN BURN, IRRITATED SKIN

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33
Q

HOW DO YOU DETERMINE THE IDEAL BROW?

A

NATURAL ARCH OF THE EYEBROW FOLLOWS THE TOP OF THE ORBITAL BONE, CURVED LINE ABOVE EYE SOCKET

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34
Q

VIRUS VS BACTERIA

A

VIRUS: A MICROSCOPIC ORGANISM THAT CAN INFEST PLANT, ANIMAL, AND BACTERIA.

BACTERIA: ONE CELL MICROORGANISM WITH BOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL CHARACTERISTICS

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35
Q

WHAT ARE THE SHAPES OF BACTERIA?

A

COCCI, STAPHYLOCOCCI, STRETOCOCCI, DIPLOCOCCI, BACILLI, SPIRILLA

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36
Q

DESCRIBE COCCI SHAPE

A

ROUND AND APPEAR ALONE

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37
Q

DESCRIBE STPHYLOCOCCI

A

ROUND, FORMS GRAPLE LIKE CLUSTERS, CAUSE PNEMONIA, IMPETIGO

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38
Q

DESCRIBE STREPTOCOCCI

A

ROUND, FORMS IN STRINGS OF PEARLS, CAUSES STREP THROAT, SCARLET FEVER, RHEUMATIC

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39
Q

DESCRIBE DIPLOCOCCI

A

ROUND, GROWS IN PAIRS, CAUSES MENINGITIS

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40
Q

DESCRIBE BACILLI

A

ROD SHAPED, CAUSES FOOD BORNE ILLNESS

41
Q

DESCRIBE SPIRILLA

A

CORK SCREW SHAPED, CAUSES LYME DISEASE

42
Q

WHAT ARE THE LEVELS OF DECONTAMINATION?

A

SANITATION: LOWEST LEVEL, GOOD FOR USE ON SKIN.

DISINFECTION: 2ND LEVEL, KILLS MOST MICROORGANISMS ON HAND, NON POROUS SURFACE

STERILIZATION: HIGHEST LEVEL, KILLS ALL MICROORGANISMS INCLUDING BACTERIA, SPORES, VIRUSES, AND FUNGI

43
Q

WHAT ARE THE DERIVATIVES OF ENZYMES?

A

PAPAIN-PAPAYA
BROMALIN-PINEAPPLE
PANCREATIVE-MEAT BY-PRODUCTS
PUMPKIN-PUMPKIN

44
Q

BHA’S VS AHA’S

A

BHA’S: DISSOLVES OILS, SALICYLIC ACID, LESS IRRITATION, GOOD FOR ACNEIC AND OILY SKIN

AHA’S: LOOSEN BONDS BETWEEN CELLS. EXAMPLES: GLYCOLIC-SUGAR CANE, TARTARIC-GRAPES, LACTIC-MILK, MANDELIC-ALMONDS, MALIC-APPLES, CITRIC-CIRTUS FRUIT

45
Q

WHAT IS A JESSNER’S SOLUTION?

A

14% LACTIC ACID, 14% RESORCINOL, 14% SALICYLIC ACID, IN AN ETHANOL BASE

46
Q

WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF LYMPH?

A

PROTECT BODY FROM DISEASE BY DEVELOPING IMMUNITIES AND DESTROYING DISEASE CAUSING MICROORGANISMS; CARRY WASTE AND IMPURITIES AWAY FROM CELL.

47
Q

WHAT ARE THE 8 FACE SHAPES?

A

OVAL, ROUND, SQUARE, RECTANGLE, TRIANGLE, INVERTED TRIANGLE, HEART, DIAMOND

48
Q

EXPLAIN PROPER WAX APPLICATION

A

SOFT-THIN LAYER WITH DIRECTION OF HAIR GROWTH AT 45 DEGREE ANGLE

HARD- THICKER LAYER WITH DIRECTION OF HAIR GROWTH

49
Q

WHAT ARE THE HAIR GROWTH CYCLES?

A

ANAGEN: GROWTH STAGE, ACTIVE
CATAGEN: TRANSITION STAGE, FALLING OUT
TELOGEN: RESTING STAGE
LATENT: DORMANT

50
Q

WHAT ARE THE PRIMARY COLORS?

A

FUNDAMENTAL, CANNOT BE OBTAINED BY MIXING OTHER COLORS; RED, YELLOW, AND BLUE

51
Q

WHAT ARE THE SECONDARY COLORS?

A

OBTAINED BE MIXING EQUAL PARTS OF TWO PRIMARY COLORS; ORANGE, GREEN, AND PURPLE

52
Q

WHAT ARE COMPLEMENTARY COLORS?

A

A PRIMARY AND SECONDARY COLOR DIRECTLY OPPOSITE OF EACH OTHER ON THE COLOR WHEEL, WHEN MIXED THEY CANVEL EACH OTHER OUT. RED/GREEN, PURPLE/YELLOW, BLUE/ORANGE.

53
Q

WHAT IS A PRIMARY LESION?

A

LESIONS IN EARLY STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT; FLAT, NON-PAPULE, CHANGES IN THE SKIN COLOR OR ELEVATED.

54
Q

WHAT IS A SECONDARY LESION?

A

DEVELOP IN LATER STAGES; DEAD CELLS FORMED OVER WOUND

55
Q

WHAT IS A MACULE?

A

FLAT DISCOLORATION (FRECKLE)

56
Q

WHAT IS A TUBERCLE?

A

ABNORMAL ROUNDED, SOLID LUMP, LARGER THAN PAPULE

57
Q

WHAT IS A VESICLE?

A

SMALL BLISTER

58
Q

WHAT IS A BULLA?

A

LARGER BLISTER WITH WATERY FLUID

59
Q

WHAT IS A PAPULE?

A

SMALL ELEVATION, NO FLUID

60
Q

WHAT IS A NODULE?

A

SMALL BUMP

61
Q

WHAT IS A TUMOR?

A

A LARGE NODULE

62
Q

WHAT IS A WHEAL?

A

AN ITCHY SWOLLEN LESION

63
Q

WHAT IS A SCALE?

A

SHEDDING DEAD SKIN

64
Q

WHAT IS CRUST?

A

SCAB OR SORE

65
Q

WHAT IS A KELOID?

A

THICK SCAR

66
Q

WHAT IS AN EXCORIATION?

A

AN ABRASION FROM SCRAPE OR SCRATCH

67
Q

WHAT IS AN ULCER?

A

OPEN LESION WITH PUSS OR SKIN DEPRESSION

68
Q

WHAT IS EXCORIATION?

A

ACNE; DISORDER WHERE CLIENTS PURPOSELY SCRAPE OFF LESIONS

69
Q

WHAT IS A FISSURE?

A

A CRACK IN THE SKIN

70
Q

WHAT IS A CYST?

A

A CLOSED SAC OF FLUID

71
Q

WHAT ARE THE LIGHTENING AND BRIGHTENING INGREDIENTS?

A

ARBUTIN, BEARBERRY, LICORICE EXTRACT, AZELIC ACID, KOJIC ACID, MULBERRY EXTRACT, ASAFETIDA EXTRACT, MAGNESIUM ASCORBYL PHOSPHATE, ASCORBYL GLUCOSAMINE, HYDROQUINONE

72
Q

WHAT ARE ANHYDROUS PRODUCTS?

A

PRODUCTS CONTAINING NO WATER, FOR VERY DRY SKIN; SERUMS, LIP BALMS, SILICON SERUMS

73
Q

WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF SALICYLIC ACID AND WHAT IS IT DERIVED FROM?

A

EXFOLIATING, ANTISEPTIC, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, IT IS LIPOPHILIC (OIL LOVING), DERIVED FROM: WILLOW BARK, SWEET BIRCH, WINTERGREENS, ASPIRIN

74
Q

WHAT IS INTRINSIC AGING?

A

SKIN CHANGES INFLUENCED BY INTERNAL PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS; STRESS AND ATTITUDE

75
Q

WHAT IS EXTRINSIC AGING?

A

SKIN CHANGES INFLUENCED BY EXTERNAL FACTORS; UV RAYS, POLLUTION

76
Q

WHAT IS DERMATITIS?

A

AN INFLAMMATORY CONDITION OF THE SKIN (LESIONS, ECZEMA, VESICLES, PAPULES)

77
Q

WHAT IS COLLAGEN AND WHAT DOES IT DO?

A

FIBROUS, CONNECTIVE TISSUE MADE UP OF PROTEINS, MADE IN RETICULAR LAYER, GIVES SKIN ITS FIRMNESS.

78
Q

WHAT IS KERATOSIS?

A

SKIN CONDITION, ABNORMALLY THICK BUILD-UP OF SKIN CELLS

79
Q

WHAT ARE THE BONES OF THE HEAD?

A

OCCIPITAL: BASE OF NECK, PARIETAL (2) BONES: SIDE AND CROWN, FRONTAL: FOREHEAD, TEMPORAL BONES (2) SIDE OF HEAD NEAR EAR REGION. ETHMOID: BETWEEN EYE SOCKET. SPHENOID: JOINS ALL BONES OF HEAD.

80
Q

WHAT ARE THE BONES OF THE FACE?

A

NASAL BONES (2): FORMS BRIDGE OF NOSE. LACRIMAL BONES (2): SMALLEST, INSIDE PART OF THE EYE SOCKET. VOMER: FLAT, THIN, FORMS PART OF NASAL SEPTUM. ZYGOMATIC ARCH (2) BONES: CHEEK BONES. MAXILLARY BONES (2): UPPER JAW. MANDIBLE: LARGEST, STRONGEST, LOWER JAW. TURBINAL 2 BONES: BOTH OUTER WALLS OF NASAL DEPRESSION. PALANTINE (2) BONES: FORMS HARD PALATE OF MOUTH.

81
Q

HOW MANY BONES ARE IN THE FACE?

A

8

82
Q

HOW MANY BONES ARE IN THE HEAD?

A

14

83
Q

WHAT ARE SHAPES OF LESIONS?

A 
LINEAR-LINE (SCRATCH)
ROUNDED-PAPULE
ANNULAR-RING SHAPED. (RING WORM)
SERPIGINOUS-WAVY (LIKE SNAKE)
GEOGRAPHIC-LIKE A MAP (RASH)
TARGET-LIKE A TARGET (PUSTULE)
84
Q

WHAT IS OSHA?

A

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION; REGULATES AND ENFORCES SAFETY/HEALTH STANDARDS TO PROTECT EMPLOYEES IN THE WORK PLACE

85
Q

WHAT IS PH?

A

POTENTIAL HYDROGEN. RELATIVE DEGREE OF ACIDITY AND ALKALINITY OF A SUBSTANCE. SKIN IS 5.5. WATER IS 7.0. ACIDIC 0—-7—–14 ALKALINE

86
Q

WHAT IS CATAPHORESIS

A

USES POSITIVE ELECTRODES TO DECREASE BLOOD FLOW, SOOTHE NERVES, HARDEN TISSUE, AND HAS AN ACIDIC REACTION.

87
Q

WHAT IS ANAPHORESIS?

A

USES NEGATIVE ELECTRODES TO PRODUCE AN ALKALINE REACTION, INCREASES BLOOD FLOW, STIMULATES NERVES, SOFTENS TISSUE.

88
Q

WHAT IS VITAMIN C

A

ASCORBIC ACID; ANTI-OXIDANT, REPAIRS SKIN AND TISSUES

89
Q

WHAT IS VITAMIN D?

A

SUNSHINE VITAMIN, ESSENTIAL FOR GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

90
Q

WHAT IS VITAMIN E?

A

TOCOPHEROL; PROTECTS FROM SUN, ANTI-OXIDANT

91
Q

WHAT IS VITAMIN K?

A

BLOOD COAGULATION

92
Q

WHAT IS FITZPATRICK TYPE 1?

A

SCORES 0-7, WHITE; VERY FAIR, FRECKLES; TYPICAL ALBINO SKIN. ALWAYS BURNS, NEVER TANS.

93
Q

WHAT IS FITZPATRICK TYPE II?

A

SCORES 8-16. WHITE; FAIR. USUALLY BURNS, TANS WITH DIFFICULTY.

94
Q

WHAT IS FITZPATRICK TYPE III?

A

SCORES 17-24. BEIGE. VERY COMMON. SOMETIMES MILD BURN, GRADUALLY TANS TO A LIGHT BROWN.

95
Q

WHAT IS FITZPATRICK TYPE IV?

A

SCORES 25-30. BEIGE WITH A BROWN TINT. TYPICAL MEDITERRANEAN CAUCASIAN SKIN. RARELY BURNS, TANS WITH EASE TO A MODERATE BROWN.

96
Q

WHAT IS FITZPATRICK TYPE V?

A

SCORES OVER 30. DARK BROWN. VERY RARELY BURNS, TANS VERY EASILY.

97
Q

WHAT IS FITZPATRICK TYPE VI?

A

BLACK. NEVER BURNS, TANS VERY EASILY, DEEPLY PIGMENTED.

98
Q

HOW MANY BODY SYSTEMS ARE THERE?

A

11

99
Q

WHAT ARE THE BODY SYSTEMS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS?

A

SIC REMINDER.
SKELETAL-BONES AND JOINTS, RED BLOOD CELLS.
IMMUNE- FIGHT OFF DISEASES
CIRCULATORY- CONTROLS FLOW OF BLOOD THROUGH BODY.
RESPIRATORY- BREATHING, LUNGS
EXCRETORY - ELIMINATES WASTE
MUSCULAR- SUPPORTS SKELETAL SYSTEM, MUSCLES
INTEGUMENTARY-

Esthetics (13 decks)

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